Kim Eunjoo, Moss Amy F, Morgan Natalie K, Gharib-Naseri Kosar, Ader Peter, Choct Mingan
School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
BASF SE, 68623, Lampertheim, Germany.
Anim Nutr. 2022 Mar 17;10:54-67. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.01.009. eCollection 2022 Sep.
The present study investigated whether supplementing fibre-degrading enzymes can ameliorate the severity of subclinical necrotic enteritis (NE) in broiler chickens offered wheat- or maize-based diets. A total of 1,544 mixed-sex broiler chickens were assigned to 16 experimental treatments as a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial arrangement of treatments. The factors were the following: NE challenge, yes or no; diet type, wheat- or maize-based; and enzyme supplementation, control (no enzyme), family 10 xylanase (XYN10), family 11 xylanase (XYN11) or β-mannanase (MAN). Each treatment was replicated 6 times, with 16 birds per replicate pen. A three-way challenge × diet type × enzyme interaction occurred for body weight at 21 d of age ( = 0.025) and overall feed conversion ratio ( = 0.001). In the non-challenged birds fed the wheat-based diet, supplementing MAN increased d 21 body weight compared to the control. In challenged birds fed the maize-based diet, supplemental XYN11 impeded body weight and overall FCR compared to the control. Birds offered the maize-based diet presented heavier relative gizzard weights at both 16 and 21 d of age ( < 0.001) and reduced liveability ( = 0.046) compared to those fed the wheat-based diet. Enzyme supplementation reduced ileal and jejunal digesta viscosity at 16 d of age only in birds fed the wheat-based diet ( < 0.001). XYN11 increased ileal digesta viscosity in birds fed the maize-based diet, and MAN reduced it in birds fed the wheat-based diet at 21 d of age ( = 0.030). Supplementing XYN11 improved ileal soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) digestibility in birds fed the wheat-based diet compared to non-supplemented birds ( < 0.001). Birds fed the wheat-based diet displayed a higher abundance of and Enterobacteriaceae and butyric acid in the caeca at 16 d of age compared to birds fed the maize-based diet ( < 0.05). In conclusion, supplemental XYN11 exacerbated the negative impact of NE on growth performance in birds fed the maize-based diet. Supplementing wheat-based diets with fibre-degrading enzymes ameliorates production losses induced by NE.
本研究调查了添加纤维降解酶是否能改善以小麦或玉米为基础日粮的肉鸡亚临床坏死性肠炎（NE）的严重程度。总共1544只混合性别的肉鸡被分配到16种实验处理中，采用2×2×4析因设计。因素如下：是否进行NE攻毒；日粮类型，以小麦或玉米为基础；酶添加情况，对照（不添加酶）、10家族木聚糖酶（XYN10）、11家族木聚糖酶（XYN11）或β-甘露聚糖酶（MAN）。每个处理重复6次，每个重复栏有16只鸡。在21日龄时体重（P = 0.025）和总体饲料转化率（P = 0.001）出现了攻毒×日粮类型×酶的三因素交互作用。在饲喂小麦基础日粮的未攻毒鸡中，与对照组相比，添加MAN可增加21日龄体重。在饲喂玉米基础日粮的攻毒鸡中，与对照组相比，添加XYN11会阻碍体重和总体饲料转化率。与饲喂小麦基础日粮的鸡相比，饲喂玉米基础日粮的鸡在16日龄和21日龄时肌胃相对重量更重（P < 0.001），存活率降低（P = 0.046）。仅在饲喂小麦基础日粮的鸡中，添加酶在16日龄时降低了回肠和空肠食糜粘度（P < 0.001）。在21日龄时，XYN11增加了饲喂玉米基础日粮鸡的回肠食糜粘度，而MAN降低了饲喂小麦基础日粮鸡的回肠食糜粘度（P = 0.030）。与未添加酶的鸡相比，添加XYN11提高了饲喂小麦基础日粮鸡的回肠可溶性非淀粉多糖（NSP）消化率（P < 0.001）。与饲喂玉米基础日粮的鸡相比，饲喂小麦基础日粮的鸡在16日龄时盲肠中拟杆菌属和肠杆菌科的丰度以及丁酸含量更高（P < 0.05）。总之，添加XYN11加剧了NE对饲喂玉米基础日粮鸡生长性能的负面影响。在小麦基础日粮中添加纤维降解酶可改善NE引起的生产损失。
