Xu Ziyue, Khalifa Adam, Mittal Ankit, Nasrollahpourmotlaghzanjani Mehdi, Etienne-Cummings Ralph, Sun Nian Xiang, Cash Sydney S, Shrivastava Aatmesh
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
IEEE Open J Circuits Syst. 2022;3:82-96. doi: 10.1109/ojcas.2022.3169437. Epub 2022 Apr 21.
This paper reviews and analyses the design of popular radio frequency energy harvesting systems and proposes a method to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze their circuit architectures using new square-wave approximation method. This approach helps in simplifying design analysis. Using this analysis, we can establish no load output voltage characteristics, upper limit on rectifier efficiency, and maximum power characteristics of a rectifier. This paper will help guide the design of RF energy harvesting rectifier circuits for radio frequency identification (RFIDs), the Internet of Things (IoTs), wearable, and implantable medical device applications. Different application scenarios are explained in the context of design challenges, and corresponding design considerations are discussed in order to evaluate their performance. The pros and cons of different rectifier topologies are also investigated. In addition to presenting the popular rectifier topologies, new measurement results of these energy harvester topologies, fabricated in 65nm, 130nm and 180nm CMOS technologies are also presented.
本文回顾并分析了流行的射频能量收集系统的设计，并提出了一种使用新的方波近似方法对其电路架构进行定性和定量分析的方法。这种方法有助于简化设计分析。通过这种分析，我们可以确定整流器的空载输出电压特性、整流效率上限和最大功率特性。本文将有助于指导用于射频识别（RFID）、物联网（IoT）、可穿戴和植入式医疗设备应用的射频能量收集整流器电路的设计。在设计挑战的背景下解释了不同的应用场景，并讨论了相应的设计考虑因素以评估其性能。还研究了不同整流器拓扑的优缺点。除了介绍流行的整流器拓扑外，还展示了采用65nm、130nm和180nm CMOS技术制造的这些能量收集器拓扑的新测量结果。
