Cepeda E E, Lee M I, Mehdizadeh B
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1987 Jan;76(1):16-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1987.tb10407.x.
The incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in infants born to opiate dependent mothers was compared to infants whose mothers denied the use of addicting substances. The two groups were comparable in birth weight, gestational age, 1 and 5 min Apgar scores, and sex distribution. The incidence of breech presentations, PROM, and type of anesthesia at delivery were similar. However, more infants in the control group were delivered by cesarean section. The incidence of IVH was 52% in the controls and 23% in the opiate infants (p less than 0.05). Neonatal risk factors such as use of ventilators, incidence of pneumothorax, administration of pressor and sedative drugs, acidosis, use of alkali therapy and volume expanders, fluid therapy in the first three days and transfers to other hospitals were the same.
将阿片类药物依赖母亲所生婴儿的脑室内出血（IVH）发生率与母亲否认使用成瘾物质的婴儿进行了比较。两组在出生体重、胎龄、1分钟和5分钟阿氏评分以及性别分布方面具有可比性。臀位产、胎膜早破的发生率以及分娩时的麻醉类型相似。然而，对照组中有更多婴儿通过剖宫产分娩。对照组中IVH的发生率为52%，阿片类药物依赖婴儿组为23%（p<0.05）。新生儿危险因素如使用呼吸机、气胸发生率、使用升压药和镇静药、酸中毒、使用碱疗法和扩容剂、头三天的液体疗法以及转至其他医院的情况相同。
