Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Aug 5;435:129046. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129046. Epub 2022 May 5.
In many jurisdictions, dispersants are included in contingency plans as a viable countermeasure that can help reduce the overall environmental impact of marine oil spills. When used, it is imperative to monitor the progression of dispersant and oil to assess their environmental fate and behaviour. Amphiphilic salt dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS) is the major effective component of the most commonly available dispersants, such as Corexit® EC9500A. Without proper sample preparation, dispersed oil in water samples could interfere with the accurate analysis of DOSS and easily contaminate the LC-MS system. In this work, solid phase extraction (SPE) weak anion exchange (WAX) cartridges were used to separate oil and DOSS in aqueous samples. DOSS was accurately determined by liquid chromatography coupled with a high resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometer (LC-HRMS). Oil fingerprinting analysis was conducted and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and petroleum biomarkers were determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This SPE-LC/GC-MS method was used for the analysis of oil-dispersant water samples containing a mixture of Corexit® EC9500A and a selection of crude oils and refined petroleum products. Nearly a 100% DOSS recovery was obtained for various oil-surfactant conditions. Parallel quantitation of oils with dispersants was achieved using this method. A portion of the TPH loss was possibly attributed to oil retained by the SPE column. Chemical fingerprints and diagnostic ratios of target compounds in recovered dispersed oil overall remain unchanged compared with those of all studied oils.
在许多司法管辖区，分散剂被纳入应急计划，作为一种可行的对策，可以帮助减少海洋溢油的整体环境影响。使用时，必须监测分散剂和油的进展情况，以评估其环境归宿和行为。两亲盐二辛基琥珀酸磺酸钠（DOSS）是最常用的分散剂（如 Corexit®EC9500A）的主要有效成分。如果没有适当的样品制备，水样中的分散油会干扰 DOSS 的准确分析，并容易污染 LC-MS 系统。在这项工作中，采用固相萃取（SPE）弱阴离子交换（WAX）小柱分离水样中的油和 DOSS。采用液相色谱与高分辨率轨道阱质谱联用（LC-HRMS）准确测定 DOSS。进行油指纹分析，并通过气相色谱-火焰离子化检测（GC-FID）和质谱（GC-MS）测定总石油烃（TPH）、多环芳烃（PAH）和石油生物标志物。该 SPE-LC/GC-MS 方法用于分析含有 Corexit®EC9500A 混合物和多种原油和精炼石油产品的油水样品。对于各种油-表面活性剂条件，均可获得近 100%的 DOSS 回收率。使用该方法可实现同时定量分散油中的油。部分 TPH 的损失可能归因于 SPE 柱保留的油。与所有研究的油相比，回收分散油中目标化合物的化学指纹和诊断比总体上保持不变。
