Samuelsson O, Wilhelmsen L, Pennert K, Berglund G
Acta Med Scand. 1987;221(1):23-32.
A group of middle-aged male hypertensives, derived from a random sample of a Swedish urban population, has been treated and followed for 10 years. The development of angina pectoris, intermittent claudication and congestive heart failure have been analysed. The initial prevalence and the average yearly incidence of angina pectoris was 3.9% and 1.3% p.a., of intermittent claudication 1.7% and 0.6% p.a. and of heart failure 1.0% and 0.8% p.a. ECG signs indicating subclinical heart disease (major Q wave, ST depression, T wave inversion) were risk factors for development of angina pectoris and congestive heart failure. Heart enlargement on chest X-ray was also a risk factor for development of congestive heart failure, as were a high serum creatinine, body mass index, serum uric acid and proteinuria. Smoking was found to be a strong and independent risk factor for any one of these cardiovascular disorders. After 10 years about one fourth of all patients, still attending the clinic, had at least one cardiovascular complication. Hence, the risk of developing cardiovascular disorders is substantial and seems to be potentiated by the same risk factors known to operate in the general population.
从瑞典城市人口的随机样本中选取了一组中年男性高血压患者，对其进行了为期10年的治疗和随访。分析了心绞痛、间歇性跛行和充血性心力衰竭的发展情况。心绞痛的初始患病率和年平均发病率分别为3.9%和1.3%，间歇性跛行分别为1.7%和0.6%，心力衰竭分别为1.0%和0.8%。提示亚临床心脏病的心电图征象（主要Q波、ST段压低、T波倒置）是心绞痛和充血性心力衰竭发生的危险因素。胸部X线显示心脏增大也是充血性心力衰竭发生的危险因素，高血清肌酐、体重指数、血清尿酸和蛋白尿也是危险因素。吸烟被发现是这些心血管疾病中任何一种的强烈且独立的危险因素。10年后，仍在诊所就诊的所有患者中约有四分之一至少出现了一种心血管并发症。因此，发生心血管疾病的风险很大，而且似乎被已知在普通人群中起作用的相同危险因素所增强。
