Lochbaum R, Tewes S, Hoffmann T K, Greve J, Hahn J
Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Universitätsklinik Ulm, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Deutschland.
HNO. 2022 Aug;70(8):601-608. doi: 10.1007/s00106-022-01185-7. Epub 2022 Jun 3.
The incidence of acute ear, nose, and throat (ENT) diagnoses is influenced by multiple parameters, for example meteorological and seasonal influences. By better understanding the triggering factors, prophylactic approaches can be developed.
A retrospective analysis was performed over 6 years of all patients who presented to the university hospital because of typical and minor ENT emergencies. The diagnoses impacted cerumen, acute otitis media, acute otitis externa, nasal bone fracture, epistaxis, acute tonsillitis, acute rhinosinusitis, and peritonsillar abscess were analyzed.
A total of 32,968 cases were analyzed. Epistaxis was the most common of the investigated emergency diagnoses, accounting for 24.5% (8082 cases). Epistaxis, acute otitis media, and acute rhinosinusitis occurred significantly more frequently in the colder half of the year. There was no significant correlation of the incidence of nasal bone fracture with public holidays. Acute otitis externa correlated significantly with the local summer vacations. In calendar week 38, the fewest total emergency presentations occurred, whereas in calendar week 52, the most emergency presentations occurred.
Seasonal and meteorological factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of many emergency ENT diagnoses.
急性耳鼻喉科（ENT）诊断的发病率受多种因素影响，例如气象和季节因素。通过更好地了解触发因素，可以制定预防措施。
对因典型和轻微耳鼻喉科急症到大学医院就诊的所有患者进行了为期6年的回顾性分析。分析了影响耵聍、急性中耳炎、急性外耳道炎、鼻骨骨折、鼻出血、急性扁桃体炎、急性鼻窦炎和扁桃体周围脓肿的诊断。
共分析了32968例病例。鼻出血是所调查的急诊诊断中最常见的，占24.5%（8082例）。鼻出血、急性中耳炎和急性鼻窦炎在一年中较冷的半年发生频率明显更高。鼻骨骨折的发病率与公共假日无显著相关性。急性外耳道炎与当地暑假显著相关。在第38日历周，急诊就诊总数最少，而在第52日历周，急诊就诊最多。
季节和气象因素在许多耳鼻喉科急诊诊断的发病机制中起重要作用。
