Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
Trends Immunol. 2022 Jul;43(7):580-594. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2022.04.013. Epub 2022 May 31.
Since the discovery of HIV-1, progress has been made in deciphering the viral replication cycle and mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions that has facilitated the implementation of effective antiretroviral therapies (ARTs). Major barriers to HIV-1 remission/cure include the persistence of viral reservoirs (VRs) in long-lived CD4 T cells, residual viral transcription, and lack of mucosal immunity restoration during ART, which together fuel systemic inflammation. Recently, T helper (Th)17-polarized cells were identified as major contributors to the pool of transcriptionally/translationally competent VRs. In this review, we discuss the functional features of Th17 cells that were elucidated by fundamental immunology studies in the context of autoimmunity. We also highlight recent discoveries supporting the possibility of extrapolating this knowledge toward the identification of new putative Th17-targeted HIV-1 remission/cure strategies.
自 HIV-1 被发现以来，人们在破译病毒复制周期和宿主-病原体相互作用机制方面取得了进展，这有助于实施有效的抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART)。HIV-1 缓解/治愈的主要障碍包括潜伏在长寿 CD4 T 细胞中的病毒储存库 (VR)、残留的病毒转录以及 ART 期间黏膜免疫恢复的缺乏，这些共同导致全身炎症。最近，辅助性 T 细胞 (Th)17 极化细胞被确定为转录/翻译活性 VR 池的主要贡献者。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了基础免疫学研究在自身免疫背景下阐明的 Th17 细胞的功能特征。我们还强调了最近的发现，这些发现支持将这方面的知识外推到确定新的潜在 Th17 靶向 HIV-1 缓解/治愈策略的可能性。
