Tolle S W, Bennett W M, Hickam D H, Benson J A
Ann Intern Med. 1987 May;106(5):740-4. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-106-5-740.
As transplantation success rates have improved, the demand for donor organs has steadily increased. A shortage of donor organs has led to legislation requiring hospital personnel to provide families routinely with the opportunity to authorize organ donation. Primary physicians have an important role in identifying potential donors while continuing to assure that the survivors' needs are met. The major implications of organ donation for the primary physician are reviewed. Patients who die will more frequently be eligible as cornea, skin, or bone donors, but the criteria for both tissue and internal organ donation are reviewed. Ethical issues unique to organ donation and responses of survivors to donation requests are described. If appropriately offered, the opportunity to authorize an anatomic gift can be a source of comfort to survivors while the donation provides the benefits of transplantation to persons on organ waiting lists.
随着移植成功率的提高，对供体器官的需求稳步增长。供体器官短缺导致立法要求医院工作人员定期为家属提供授权器官捐赠的机会。在继续确保满足幸存者需求的同时，初级医生在识别潜在供体方面发挥着重要作用。本文综述了器官捐赠对初级医生的主要影响。死亡患者更常符合角膜、皮肤或骨捐赠的条件，但本文也对组织和内部器官捐赠的标准进行了综述。文中描述了器官捐赠特有的伦理问题以及幸存者对捐赠请求的反应。如果提供得当，授权进行解剖学捐赠的机会可以成为幸存者的一种慰藉来源，同时捐赠也为器官等候名单上的人带来移植的益处。
