Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy avenue, 33, 199071, Moscow, Russia.
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory, 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Eur J Protistol. 2022 Jun;84:125894. doi: 10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125894. Epub 2022 Apr 30.
Elevation gradients have been useful to study distributional patterns of soil organisms since the time of Humboldt but only recently these patterns have been studied for soil microorganisms. Here we report the results on species diversity and composition of soil- and moss-dwelling testate amoeba assemblages along a 1400 m elevation gradient (904-2377 m a.s.l.) on Mount Fuji (Japan) from temperate forest to alpine vegetation. In total, 95 testate amoeba taxa belonging to 29 genera were identified. The core of testate amoeba assemblages was formed by ubiquitous species such as Trinema lineare, Euglypha laevis, Cryptodifflugia oviformis, and Trinema complanatum. However, several taxa with limited geographic distribution were also observed (e.g., Centropyxis latideflandriana, C. stenodeflandriana, Plagiopyxis cf. barrosi, Heleopera rectangularis, and Distomatopyxis couillardi). Species diversity indices (species richness and Shannon's index) were characterised by bell-shaped patterns peaking at ∼ 1700 m in the subalpine mixed conifer-deciduous forest. The species composition of testate amoeba assemblages was best explained by the vegetation types which accounted for 12.3% of the total variation. Overall, these findings indicate that elevation effects on species composition of testate amoeba assemblages are strongly mediated by vegetation.
海拔梯度自 Humboldt 时代以来一直被用于研究土壤生物的分布模式，但直到最近才开始研究土壤微生物的分布模式。在这里，我们报告了富士山（日本）从温带森林到高山植被的 1400 米海拔梯度（904-2377 米）上土壤和苔藓生有壳变形虫组合的物种多样性和组成的结果。总共鉴定出了 95 种属于 29 属的有壳变形虫类群。有壳变形虫组合的核心由普遍存在的物种组成，例如直链虫、光滑真表虫、卵形隐滴虫和扁形直链虫。然而，也观察到了一些地理分布有限的类群（例如，宽叶宽胸虫、窄叶宽胸虫、Plagiopyxis cf. barrosi、矩形网柄虫和 Distomatopyxis couillardi）。物种多样性指数（物种丰富度和 Shannon 指数）呈钟形模式，在亚高山混合针叶林-落叶林达到峰值，约为 1700 米。有壳变形虫组合的物种组成与植被类型的相关性最好，占总变异的 12.3%。总的来说，这些发现表明，海拔对有壳变形虫组合的物种组成的影响受到植被的强烈调节。
