Duabie Bayan, Alfattani Areej, Althawadi Sahar, Taha Abdullah, Javaid Haroon Ahmed, Mobarak Omar, Albanyan Esam
Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Disease, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biostatics and Epidemiology, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2022 Sep;9(3):153-159. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2022.05.001. Epub 2022 May 30.
Since the initial emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus responsible for the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, many studies have been exploring the nature and characteristics of this virus and its associated clinical manifestations. The present study aimed to describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of COVID-19 infections in pediatric patients.
A retrospective review of findings associated with 143 pediatric patients (age <14 years) with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who had undergone inpatient or outpatient treatment at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between March 2020 and October 2020, was conducted. The analyzed data included patient demographic information, pre-existing medical conditions, symptoms, interventions, and outcomes.
The median age of this patient population was 7 years. Of these 143 patients, 67 (46.8%) had known pre-existing medical conditions including bronchial asthma (12.8%), chronic lung disease (CLD) (3%), congenital heart disease (CHD) (17%), primary immunodeficiencies (1.5%), malignancies (9.8%), and 7.5% were post-transplant patients. Thirty-seven patients (26%) were overweight or obese. Sixty-three of these patients (51%) were symptomatic, with the most common symptom being fever (55%). Ultimately, 45 patients (31%) required admission to the hospital, with a median duration of hospitalization of 9.6 days for admitted patients. There were no documented cases of infection-related mortality among this pediatric cohort, although 11 patients experienced post-infectious complications that primarily manifested as a loss of taste and smell.
These findings suggest that pediatric COVID-19 patients tend to experience mild forms of the disease, without any significant differences in disease severity as a function of patient gender or immune status.
自导致2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的新型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）首次出现以来，许多研究一直在探索这种病毒的性质和特征及其相关的临床表现。本研究旨在描述儿科患者COVID-19感染的临床表现和结局。
对2020年3月至2020年10月期间在沙特阿拉伯利雅得法赫德国王专科医院和研究中心接受住院或门诊治疗的143例确诊为COVID-19的儿科患者（年龄<14岁）的相关研究结果进行回顾性分析。分析的数据包括患者的人口统计学信息、既往病史、症状、干预措施和结局。
该患者群体的中位年龄为7岁。在这143例患者中，67例（46.8%）有已知的既往病史，包括支气管哮喘（12.8%）、慢性肺病（CLD）（3%）、先天性心脏病（CHD）（17%）、原发性免疫缺陷（1.5%）、恶性肿瘤（9.8%），7.5%为移植后患者。37例患者（26%）超重或肥胖。其中63例患者（51%）有症状，最常见的症状是发热（55%）。最终，45例患者（31%）需要住院治疗，住院患者的中位住院时间为9.6天。在这个儿科队列中没有记录到与感染相关的死亡病例，尽管有11例患者出现感染后并发症，主要表现为味觉和嗅觉丧失。
这些发现表明，儿科COVID-19患者往往经历疾病的轻度形式，疾病严重程度在患者性别或免疫状态方面没有任何显著差异。
