Interactions between EGFR and EphA2 promote tumorigenesis through the action of Ephexin1.

The cell signaling factors EGFR, EphA2, and Ephexin1 are associated with lung and colorectal cancer and play an important role in tumorigenesis. Although the respective functional roles of EGFR and EphA2 are well known, interactions between these proteins and a functional role for the complex is not understood. Here, we showed that Ephexin1, EphA2, and EGFR are each expressed at higher levels in lung and colorectal cancer patient tissues, and binding of EGFR to EphA2 was associated with both increased tumor grade and metastatic cases in both cancer types. Treatment with Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) induced binding of the RR domain of EGFR to the kinase domain of EphA2, and this binding was promoted by Ephexin1. Additionally, the AKT-mediated phosphorylation of EphA2 (at Ser897) promoted interactions with EGFR, pointing to the importance of this pathway. Two mutations in EGFR, L858R and T790M, that are frequently observed in lung cancer patients, promoted binding to EphA2, and this binding was dependent on Ephexin1. Our results indicate that the formation of a complex between EGFR, EphA2, and Ephexin1 plays an important role in lung and colorectal cancers, and that inhibition of this complex may be an effective target for cancer therapy.