Nursing Department, Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
NICU, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
J Clin Nurs. 2023 Jun;32(11-12):2802-2812. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16385. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
This study examined the relationships between parents' catastrophising about their infants' pain, parental self-efficacy in the management of their infants' pain, perceived social support and the parental coping strategies for their infants' pain-related stress.
Preterm infants hospitalised in the neonatal intensive care unit experience painful procedures causing stress to their parents. Coping with stress may be emotion- or problem-focused. Adults' coping with their own pain has been associated with pain catastrophising, pain management self-efficacy and social support. However, little is known about the associations between parents' catastrophising, their self-efficacy to manage, their perceived social support and their coping strategies when dealing with their infants' pain.
This was a cross-sectional, correlational study design.
The STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional studies were followed. Participants included 149 parents of preterm infants hospitalised in a neonatal intensive care unit. They completed measures to assess infant pain catastrophising, self-efficacy regarding infant pain management, social support and emotion- and problem-focused coping.
Positive associations were found between parental self-efficacy regarding infant pain management, social support, parental catastrophising about their infants' pain and problem-focused coping. Parental catastrophising was positively associated with emotion-focused coping. Gender moderated the relationships between parental self-efficacy regarding infant pain management and emotion-focused coping. Specifically, amongst mothers, the higher their level of self-efficacy, the lower their emotion-focused coping. Amongst fathers, the relations were reversed.
Parents coping with their preterm infants' pain were associated with catastrophising about their infants' pain, self-efficacy regarding infant pain management and social support. Mothers had different ways to cope emotionally to that of fathers in relation to their self-efficacy in managing their infants' pain.
Nursing interventions that provide support to parents and promote parental self-efficacy in managing their infants' pain may allow parents to more effectively cope with their infants' pain.
Patients or public were not involved in setting the research question, the outcome measures and the design or implementation of the study. Parents of preterm infants answered the research questionnaires.
本研究考察了父母对婴儿疼痛的灾难化、父母管理婴儿疼痛的自我效能感、感知到的社会支持以及父母应对婴儿疼痛相关压力的应对策略之间的关系。
住院于新生儿重症监护病房的早产儿会经历引起父母压力的疼痛性操作。应对压力的方式可能是情绪聚焦或问题聚焦。成年人应对自身疼痛的方式与疼痛灾难化、疼痛管理自我效能感和社会支持有关。然而，父母在处理婴儿疼痛时，他们的灾难化、管理自我效能感、感知到的社会支持以及应对策略之间的关联知之甚少。
这是一项横断面相关性研究设计。
遵循 STROBE 指南进行横断面研究。参与者包括 149 名住院于新生儿重症监护病房的早产儿的父母。他们完成了评估婴儿疼痛灾难化、婴儿疼痛管理自我效能感、社会支持以及情绪聚焦和问题聚焦应对的量表。
发现父母对婴儿疼痛管理的自我效能感、社会支持、父母对婴儿疼痛的灾难化和问题聚焦应对之间存在正相关。父母对婴儿疼痛的灾难化与情绪聚焦应对呈正相关。性别调节了父母对婴儿疼痛管理的自我效能感与情绪聚焦应对之间的关系。具体而言，在母亲中，自我效能感越高，情绪聚焦应对越低。而在父亲中，关系则相反。
应对早产儿疼痛的父母与对婴儿疼痛的灾难化、婴儿疼痛管理自我效能感和社会支持有关。与母亲相比，父亲在管理婴儿疼痛的自我效能感方面，情绪应对方式不同。
为父母提供支持并促进父母管理婴儿疼痛的自我效能感的护理干预措施，可能使父母更有效地应对婴儿的疼痛。
患者或公众未参与设定研究问题、结果测量以及研究的设计或实施。早产儿的父母回答了研究问卷。
