Stossel T P
Ann Intern Med. 1978 Sep;89(3):398-402. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-89-3-398.
Phagocytosis is a cellular function relevant for host defense against infection, tissue turnover, and other aspects of human physiology. Phagocytosis is also representative of functions wherein external stimuli activate motile events in the cell. Recognition of suitable objects by the plasma membrane of the phagocyte initiates phagocytosis. Knowledge of serum proteins that coat objects rendering them recognizable is considerable, but understanding of the chemical basis of recognition is meager. The signals activated by recognition are also not known. The work of phagocytosis that causes pseudopodia to enclose objects in vacuoles is ascribable to metabolic energy-dependent interactions between actin filaments and other contractile proteins in the peripheral cytoplasm. These interactions may also regulate the fusion of lysosomes with phagocytic vacuoles, an event important for the processing of ingested objects after phagocytosis.
吞噬作用是一种细胞功能,与宿主抵御感染、组织更新以及人体生理学的其他方面相关。吞噬作用也是外部刺激激活细胞运动事件的功能的代表。吞噬细胞的质膜识别合适的物体引发吞噬作用。关于包被物体使其可被识别的血清蛋白已有很多了解,但对识别的化学基础的认识却很匮乏。识别激活的信号也尚不清楚。导致伪足将物体包围在液泡中的吞噬作用可归因于外周细胞质中肌动蛋白丝与其他收缩蛋白之间依赖代谢能量的相互作用。这些相互作用也可能调节溶酶体与吞噬液泡的融合,这一事件对吞噬作用后摄入物体的处理很重要。