Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Department of Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Behav Med. 2024 Jan-Mar;50(1):16-25. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2085652. Epub 2022 Jun 7.
Few countries provided multiple COVID-19 vaccines for their citizens right from the start of mass immunization. In Serbia, four vaccines were available. Circumstances in which people had several options to choose from are unique. The purpose of this study was to identify motivators behind COVID-19 vaccination and the choice of COVID-19 vaccine among people who were immunized against COVID-19. Qualitative interviews with 35 vaccinated people aged > 18 years were conducted in May 2021 at the Institute of Public Health of Serbia, a reference institution for vaccination. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Four topics emerged: 1) Decision to receive COVID-19 vaccine; 2) Sources of information about the vaccine; 3) Choice of the COVID-19 vaccine and 4) Anti-vaccination sentiment around the vaccinated people. Participants were classified in two groups: those who were determined to receive the vaccine and those who were hesitant. People who were hesitant decided to receive the vaccine after reviewing the information collected from various sources, especially physicians. Although some participants accepted any vaccine regardless of their characteristics, there were others who had explicit preferences. These preferences stemmed mainly from their beliefs about particular vaccine's efficacy and safety, COVID-19 status (previous infection), living or lifestyle circumstances (residence or travel abroad), doctor's recommendation (underlying health status) or trust in expertise of that particular manufacturer's country of origin. Opting for appropriate vaccine was motivated by reasons specific to various individuals, which enabled them to make choices in line with their preferences and values.
很少有国家从大规模免疫接种开始就为公民提供多种 COVID-19 疫苗。在塞尔维亚，有四种疫苗可供选择。人们有多种选择的情况是独特的。本研究的目的是确定接种 COVID-19 疫苗背后的动机以及已接种 COVID-19 疫苗人群对 COVID-19 疫苗的选择。2021 年 5 月，在塞尔维亚公共卫生研究所（接种疫苗的参考机构）对 35 名年龄 > 18 岁的已接种疫苗的人进行了定性访谈。访谈进行了录音、转录，使用定性内容分析对数据进行了分析。出现了四个主题：1）接种 COVID-19 疫苗的决定；2）疫苗信息来源；3）COVID-19 疫苗的选择；4）接种疫苗人群周围的反疫苗情绪。参与者分为两组：决心接种疫苗的人和犹豫不决的人。犹豫不决的人在从各种来源（尤其是医生）收集信息后决定接种疫苗。虽然一些参与者接受任何疫苗，而不管其特性如何，但也有其他人有明确的偏好。这些偏好主要源于他们对特定疫苗的疗效和安全性、COVID-19 状况（既往感染）、生活或生活方式环境（居住或出国旅行）、医生的建议（潜在健康状况）或对特定制造商所在国家/地区专业知识的信任。选择合适的疫苗是由个人特定的原因驱动的，这使他们能够根据自己的偏好和价值观做出选择。
