Stolic E
Arch Anat Histol Embryol. 1977;60:111-38.
In the inguinal region, numerous muscular and fibrous alterations are described. They are related to the unconstant position of the pubic tubercle in relation io the interspinous diameter (linea bi-spinalis). The pubic tubercle can be observed in two different locations: either high or low. The high location is characterized by the presence of the pubic tubercle at a distance of 5 to 7.5 cm below the interspinous diameter. It must be considered as normal and is found in 65% of the subjects. In the low locations, the distance between spinous tubercle and interspinous diameter reaches 7,5 to 12 cm. It is an important abnormality which interests 35% of the subjects. The lower the pubic tubercle are located, the more often morphological alterations are to be found in the following structures: obliquus externus, obliquus internus, transversus and cremaster muscles as well as fascia transversalis. Nevertheless, the pyramidalis muscle as well as the inguinal ligamentary formation, Hesselbach's interfoveolar ligament and Thompson's iliopubic tract do not follow that rule, since the important morphological variations of these deep fibrous components can never be related to the distance between pubic tubercle and interspinous diameter. The functional signification of the inguinal region and especially of the inguinal canal is modified by those ostelogical, muscular and ligamentary variations.
在腹股沟区，描述了许多肌肉和纤维的改变。它们与耻骨结节相对于棘间径（双棘线）的不恒定位置有关。耻骨结节可在两个不同位置观察到：高或低。高位的特征是耻骨结节位于棘间径下方5至7.5厘米处。这必须被视为正常情况，在65%的受试者中可发现。在低位时，棘突结节与棘间径之间的距离达到7.5至12厘米。这是一种重要的异常情况，在35%的受试者中存在。耻骨结节位置越低，在以下结构中发现形态改变的频率就越高：腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌、腹横肌和提睾肌以及腹横筋膜。然而，锥状肌以及腹股沟韧带结构、海氏中间凹韧带和汤普森髂耻束并不遵循该规律，因为这些深层纤维成分的重要形态学变异与耻骨结节和棘间径之间的距离无关。腹股沟区尤其是腹股沟管的功能意义会因那些骨骼、肌肉和韧带的变异而改变。
