Cellular electrophysiological effects of D- and DL-sotalol in guinea-pig sinoatrial node, atrium and ventricle and human atrium: differential tissue sensitivity.

The effects of racemic DL-sotalol and D-sotalol on guinea-pig sino-atrial node, atrium and ventricle and on human atrium were studied using standard microelectrode techniques. Both compounds increased spontaneous sinus node cycle length largely by prolonging the repolarization phase of the action potentials. This effect was attributed to blockade of outward potassium current. Ventricular action potential duration was similarly prolonged by DL-sotalol at concentrations of 5-50 microM. DL-Sotalol 1-50 microM had no effect on guinea-pig atrial action potential duration and D-sotalol produced minor prolongation only at the highest concentration (50 microM). Human atrial action potentials were, however, significantly prolonged by both DL- and D-sotalol 10 microM. This indicates differential sensitivities to sotalol for human and guinea-pig atrium and explains the ability of sotalol to prolong atrial monophasic action potential duration in clinical studies.