Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, PO Box 3624, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
Neurotherapeutics. 2022 Oct;19(6):1818-1831. doi: 10.1007/s13311-022-01256-1. Epub 2022 Jun 8.
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and outcomes remain poor despite the current standard of care multimodal therapy. Oncolytic virotherapy utilizes engineered viruses to exert an anti-tumor effect via both direct oncolysis and stimulation of an immune response within the tumor microenvironment, turning tumors from "cold" to "hot." This has shown promise as a novel therapeutic modality and attempts to circumvent the challenges associated with traditional treatments. Many oncolytic viruses have been investigated in completed and ongoing clinical trials and while safety has been demonstrated, clinical outcomes have been variable, often with only a subgroup of patients showing a significant response. This review summarizes these studies, addresses relevant technical aspects of oncolytic virus administration, and highlights practical considerations to assist providers in appropriately caring for patients treated with oncolytic virotherapy. Additionally, future directions within the field that may help to maximize efficacy of this modality are discussed.
胶质母细胞瘤是成年人中最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤，尽管目前采用了多模式治疗标准，但治疗效果仍然很差。溶瘤病毒治疗利用工程化病毒通过直接溶瘤和刺激肿瘤微环境中的免疫反应来发挥抗肿瘤作用，使肿瘤从“冷”变“热”。这已显示出作为一种新的治疗方式的潜力，并试图规避与传统治疗相关的挑战。许多溶瘤病毒已在已完成和正在进行的临床试验中进行了研究，虽然已经证明了安全性，但临床结果却各不相同，通常只有一小部分患者表现出明显的反应。这篇综述总结了这些研究，讨论了溶瘤病毒给药的相关技术方面，并强调了一些实际考虑因素，以帮助提供者为接受溶瘤病毒治疗的患者提供适当的护理。此外，还讨论了该领域的未来发展方向，这些方向可能有助于最大限度地提高该治疗方式的疗效。
