Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Division of Hepatology, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 May 23;13:893628. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.893628. eCollection 2022.
To study the effect of antiviral therapy during pregnancy on the frequency of natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood of women with HBV DNA positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB).
In total 124 female subjects were divided into four groups: 11 healthy non-pregnant women (Normal group), 26 non-pregnant women in immune tolerance period of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHB group), 41 pregnant CHB women without antiviral treatment during pregnancy (Untreated group), and 46 pregnant CHB women receiving antiviral treatment during pregnancy (Treated group). The frequency of NK cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry.
The frequency of NK cells in healthy women [15.30 (12.80, 18.40)] was higher than that in women with HBV infection, but there was no significant statistical difference (=0.436). The frequency of NK cells in CHB group [10.60 (6.00, 18.30)] was higher than those in pregnant CHB women [Untreated: 6.90 (4.89, 10.04), =0.001; Treated: 9.42 (6.55, 14.10), =0.047]. The frequency of NK cells in treated group was significantly higher than that in untreated group ( = 0.019). The frequencies of NK cells, CD56 NK cells and NKp46 NK cells at 12 and 24 weeks postpartum in the untreated group were increased significantly than those before delivery. In treated group, the frequencies of NK cells, CD56 NK cells, NKp46 NK cells and NKp46 NK cells were significantly increased at 6 and 12 weeks than those before delivery. The frequencies of NK cells and CD56 NK cells postpartum were increased significantly in treated group than those in untreated group. The frequencies of CD56 NK cells decreased significantly after delivery in treated than those in untreated patients. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) significantly increased after delivery than those before delivery. The results showed that the postpartum ALT level was weak positive correlated with NKp46 frequency (=0.199) and was weak negative correlated with NKp46 frequency (= -0.199).
Antiviral treatment during pregnancy could significantly increase the frequency of NK cells postpartum. Postpartum hepatitis may be related to the immune injury caused by change of NK cell frequency and HBV infection.
研究抗病毒治疗对乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）阳性慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）孕妇外周血自然杀伤（NK）细胞频率的影响。
共纳入 124 名女性受试者，分为四组：11 名健康未怀孕女性（正常组）、26 名未怀孕免疫耐受期慢性 HBV 感染女性（CHB 组）、41 名未在孕期接受抗病毒治疗的 CHB 孕妇（未治疗组）和 46 名在孕期接受抗病毒治疗的 CHB 孕妇（治疗组）。通过流式细胞术检测外周血 NK 细胞频率。
健康女性的 NK 细胞频率[15.30（12.80，18.40）]高于 HBV 感染女性，但差异无统计学意义（=0.436）。CHB 组的 NK 细胞频率[10.60（6.00，18.30）]高于未治疗的 CHB 孕妇[未治疗：6.90（4.89，10.04），=0.001；治疗：9.42（6.55，14.10），=0.047]。治疗组的 NK 细胞频率明显高于未治疗组（=0.019）。未治疗组产后 12 周和 24 周时 NK 细胞、CD56 NK 细胞和 NKp46 NK 细胞的频率均明显高于分娩前。治疗组产后 6 周和 12 周时 NK 细胞、CD56 NK 细胞、NKp46 NK 细胞和 NKp46 NK 细胞的频率均明显高于分娩前。治疗组产后 NK 细胞和 CD56 NK 细胞的频率明显高于未治疗组。治疗组产后 CD56 NK 细胞的频率明显低于未治疗组。分娩后丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）明显高于分娩前。结果表明，产后 ALT 水平与 NKp46 频率呈弱正相关（=0.199），与 NKp46 频率呈弱负相关（= -0.199）。
孕期抗病毒治疗可显著增加产后 NK 细胞频率。产后肝炎可能与 NK 细胞频率变化引起的免疫损伤和 HBV 感染有关。
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