Mramba Rosemary Peter, Mkude Kelvin Emmanuel
Department of Biology, The University of Dodoma, P.O. Box 338, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Heliyon. 2022 May 31;8(6):e09574. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09574. eCollection 2022 Jun.
The fisheries sector of Tanzania is dominated by small-scale fishers who produce up to 95% of the total amount of fish caught in the country. The small-scale fisheries are constrained by inadequate infrastructure, including a lack of capacity for processing and cold storage facilities, poor transportation and fishing tools that increase post-harvest losses. Small-scale fishers lack sufficient capital and skills to invest in modern fishing technologies. Additionally, social-demographic aspects of the fishers, such as education level, gender, age, fishing experience and training influence access to fishing resources and capital, leading to variation in fish catch and post-harvest losses. Thus, this study examined factors that influence fish catch and spoilage in small-scale fisheries in the Bagamoyo District, Tanzania. Forty randomly selected fishers from the Mlingotini fishing village were interviewed. The results show that after spending an average of 11 h per fishing session, the fishers catch an average of 18.5 kg of fish. The amount of fish captured differed with fishing experience, age and sex of the fisher, education level of the fisher, and the time spent selling the captured fish. On average, 10% of the weight of the fish captured per fishing session spoils. The level of spoilage varied according to the fisher's age and sex, education level, fishing experience, length of fishing session, and fishing gear used. Provision of training related to fish processing and handling and improvement of cold storage and transport facilities are recommended to reduce spoilage.
坦桑尼亚的渔业部门主要由小规模渔民主导，他们的捕鱼量占该国总捕鱼量的95%。小规模渔业受到基础设施不足的制约，包括加工能力和冷藏设施匮乏、运输条件差以及增加收获后损失的捕鱼工具。小规模渔民缺乏足够的资金和技能来投资现代捕鱼技术。此外，渔民的社会人口特征，如教育水平、性别、年龄、捕鱼经验和培训，会影响获取捕鱼资源和资金的机会，导致捕鱼量和收获后损失存在差异。因此，本研究调查了影响坦桑尼亚巴加莫约区小规模渔业捕鱼量和鱼品变质的因素。对从姆林戈蒂尼渔村随机挑选的40名渔民进行了访谈。结果显示，每次捕鱼活动平均花费11小时后，渔民平均捕获18.5千克鱼。捕获的鱼量因渔民的捕鱼经验、年龄和性别、教育水平以及出售捕获鱼所花费的时间而有所不同。每次捕鱼活动捕获的鱼平均有10%会变质。变质程度因渔民的年龄和性别、教育水平、捕鱼经验、捕鱼活动时长以及使用的捕鱼工具而异。建议提供与鱼类加工和处理相关的培训，并改善冷藏和运输设施，以减少鱼品变质。
