School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
Department of Environmental & Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea.
Environ Res. 2022 Oct;213:113599. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113599. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known as a hazardous group of pollutants in the soil which causes many challenges to the environment. In this study, the potential of biochar (BC), as a carbonaceous material, is evaluated for the immobilization of PAHs in soils. For this purpose, various bonding mechanisms of BC and PAHs, and the strength of bonds are firstly described. Also, the effect of impressive criteria including BC physicochemical properties (such as surface area, porosity, particle size, polarity, aromaticity, functional group, etc., which are mostly the function of pyrolysis temperature), number of rings in PAHs, incubation time, and soil properties, on the extent and rate of PAHs immobilization by BC are explained. Then, the utilization of BC in collaboration with biological tools which simplifies further dissipation of PAHs in the soil is described considering detailed interactions among BC, microbes, and plants in the soil matrix. The co-effect of BC and biological remediation has been authenticated by previous studies. Moreover, recent technologies and challenges related to the application of BC in soil remediation are explained. The implementation of a combined BC-biological remediation method would provide excellent prospects for PAHs-contaminated soils.
多环芳烃（PAHs）是土壤中一类有害的污染物，对环境造成了许多挑战。在本研究中，评估了生物炭（BC）作为一种碳质材料，用于固定土壤中的 PAHs。为此，首先描述了 BC 和 PAHs 的各种键合机制和键的强度。此外，还解释了影响 PAHs 被 BC 固定的程度和速率的显著标准，包括 BC 的物理化学性质（如表面积、孔隙率、粒径、极性、芳香度、官能团等，这些性质主要取决于热解温度）、PAHs 的环数、孵育时间和土壤性质。然后，考虑到 BC、微生物和植物在土壤基质中的详细相互作用，描述了 BC 与生物工具的结合利用，这简化了 PAHs 在土壤中的进一步消散。BC 和生物修复的共同作用已被先前的研究证实。此外，还解释了与 BC 在土壤修复中的应用相关的最新技术和挑战。实施 BC-生物修复联合方法将为 PAHs 污染土壤提供广阔的前景。
