Pathology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Science, Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Catania, Italy.
Gene. 2022 Aug 5;834:146647. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146647. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
Some patients suffering from the new Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develop an exaggerated inflammatory response triggered by a "cytokine storm" resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with the concomitant activation of non-specific inflammatory reactivity in the circulatory system and other organs, leading to multiorgan failure, leaky vasculature, coagulopathies and stroke. Impairment of brain functions may also occur as dysregulations in immune function resulting from neuroendocrine interactions. In this study, we explored, by bioinformatics approaches, the interaction between the multiple inflammatory agents involved in SARS-CoV-2 and Ghrelin (Ghre) together with its receptor GHSR-1A, which are described as anti-inflammatory mediators, in order to investigate what could trigger the hyper-inflammatory response in some SARS-CoV-2 patients. In our analysis, we found several interactions of Ghre and GHSR-1A with SARS-CoV-2 interacting human genes. We observed a correlation between Ghre, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ACE2, toll-like receptors 9 (TLR9), and Acidic chitinase (CHIA), whereas its receptor GHSR-1A interacts with chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3), CCR3, CCR5, CCR7, coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1 (F2RL1), vitamin D receptor (VDR), Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) and DDP4 in receptor dipeptidyl peptidase-4. To our knowledge, our findings show, for the first time, that Ghre and GHSR-1A may exert an immunomodulatory function in the course of SARS-Cov-2 infection.
一些患有新型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 的患者会出现过度炎症反应,这种反应是由“细胞因子风暴”引发的,导致急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (ARDS),同时循环系统和其他器官出现非特异性炎症反应,导致多器官衰竭、血管渗漏、凝血异常和中风。免疫功能失调也可能导致脑功能受损,这是神经内分泌相互作用导致的免疫功能失调。在这项研究中,我们通过生物信息学方法探讨了 SARS-CoV-2 与生长激素释放肽 (Ghre) 及其受体 GHSR-1A 之间的相互作用,这两者都被描述为抗炎介质,以研究是什么导致了一些 SARS-CoV-2 患者的过度炎症反应。在我们的分析中,我们发现 Ghre 和 GHSR-1A 与 SARS-CoV-2 相互作用的人类基因有几种相互作用。我们观察到 Ghre 与血管紧张素转换酶 2 (ACE2)、Toll 样受体 9 (TLR9) 和酸性几丁质酶 (CHIA) 之间存在相关性,而其受体 GHSR-1A 与趋化因子受体 3 (CXCR3)、CCR3、CCR5、CCR7、凝血酶受体样 1 (F2RL1)、维生素 D 受体 (VDR)、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域蛋白 1 (NOD1) 和二肽基肽酶 4 受体 (DDP4) 相互作用。据我们所知,我们的发现首次表明,Ghrelin 和 GHSR-1A 可能在 SARS-CoV-2 感染过程中发挥免疫调节作用。
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