Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Section, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 29;23(11):6108. doi: 10.3390/ijms23116108.
In the last few years, antibiotic resistance and, analogously, anticancer drug resistance have increased considerably, becoming one of the main public health problems. For this reason, it is crucial to find therapeutic strategies able to counteract the onset of multi-drug resistance (MDR). In this review, a critical overview of the innovative tools available today to fight MDR is reported. In this direction, the use of membrane-disruptive peptides/peptidomimetics (MDPs), such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), has received particular attention, due to their high selectivity and to their limited side effects. Moreover, similarities between bacteria and cancer cells are herein reported and the hypothesis of the possible use of AMPs also in anticancer therapies is discussed. However, it is important to take into account the limitations that could negatively impact clinical application and, in particular, the need for an efficient delivery system. In this regard, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) is proposed as a potential strategy to improve therapy; moreover, among polymeric NPs, cationic ones are emerging as promising tools able to fight the onset of MDR both in bacteria and in cancer cells.
在过去的几年中，抗生素耐药性以及类似的抗癌药物耐药性显著增加，成为主要的公共卫生问题之一。因此，寻找能够对抗多药耐药性（MDR）的治疗策略至关重要。本文综述了目前用于对抗 MDR 的创新工具。在这一方向上，由于其高选择性和有限的副作用，膜破坏肽/肽模拟物（MDPs），如抗菌肽（AMPs），受到了特别关注。此外，本文还报道了细菌和癌细胞之间的相似性，并讨论了可能将 AMPs 也用于抗癌治疗的假设。然而，必须考虑到可能对临床应用产生负面影响的限制因素，特别是需要有效的传递系统。在这方面，使用纳米颗粒（NPs）被提议作为一种提高治疗效果的潜在策略；此外，在聚合物 NPs 中，阳离子 NPs 作为有前途的工具正在出现，能够在细菌和癌细胞中对抗 MDR 的发生。
