Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP), Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
Elife. 2022 Jun 10;11:e75945. doi: 10.7554/eLife.75945.
The vacuole has a space-filling function, allowing a particularly rapid plant cell expansion with very little increase in cytosolic content (Löfke et al., 2015; Scheuring et al., 2016; Dünser et al., 2019). Despite its importance for cell size determination in plants, very little is known about the mechanisms that define vacuolar size. Here, we show that the cellular and vacuolar size expansions are coordinated. By developing a pharmacological tool, we enabled the investigation of membrane delivery to the vacuole during cellular expansion. Our data reveal that endocytic membrane sorting from the plasma membrane to the vacuole is enhanced in the course of rapid root cell expansion. While this 'compromise' mechanism may theoretically at first decelerate cell surface enlargements, it fuels vacuolar expansion and, thereby, ensures the coordinated augmentation of vacuolar occupancy in dynamically expanding plant cells.
液泡具有空间填充功能，允许植物细胞特别快速地扩张，而细胞质内容物的增加却很少（Löfke 等人，2015 年；Scheuring 等人，2016 年；Dünser 等人，2019 年）。尽管液泡对于植物细胞大小的决定非常重要，但对于定义液泡大小的机制却知之甚少。在这里，我们表明细胞和液泡的扩张是协调一致的。通过开发一种药理学工具，我们能够在细胞扩张过程中研究膜向液泡的输送。我们的数据表明，在快速的根细胞扩张过程中，从质膜到液泡的内吞膜分选增强了。虽然这种“妥协”机制理论上最初可能会减缓细胞表面的扩大，但它为液泡的扩张提供了动力，从而确保了在动态扩张的植物细胞中液泡占据空间的协调增加。
