Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201313, India.
Saint Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Chemosphere. 2022 Sep;303(Pt 3):135230. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135230. Epub 2022 Jun 7.
This research compares the performance efficiencies of Nanofiltration (NF), Reverse osmosis (RO), and Nanofiltration-Reverse Osmosis (NF-RO) hybrid membrane filtration systems, for treatment of brackish groundwater in Delhi-NCR region. Central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to formulate predictive models for the optimization and simulation of various responses, viz. Water flux, salt rejection, permeate recovery and specific energy consumption (SEC). Three different input factors (feed concentration, pH and pressure) were evaluated. Significance of RSM model was tested and validated with use of an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The models were also compared graphically for their prediction ability. The optimum conditions were determined by numerical optimization of the NF and RO membrane pilot plants. Finally, hybrid configurations of NF and RO were investigated utilising the optimum conditions to identify the technology suitable for the remediation of brackish groundwater. Despite, RO membrane eliminating over 99% of TDS from groundwater, the lower recovery rate renders it environmentally unfavourable. Result indicates that recovery of the hybrid system (40.35%) was greater than that of RO alone (18.796%) and SEC also decreases (5.090-3.8 kW H/m). Hence, combining a hybrid membrane arrangement with NF-RO to treat brackish groundwater for improved recovery and lower SEC is a viable alternative.
本研究比较了纳滤（NF）、反渗透（RO）和纳滤-反渗透（NF-RO）混合膜过滤系统在处理德里-NCR 地区咸地下水方面的性能效率。响应面法（RSM）的中心复合设计（CCD）被应用于制定各种响应的优化和模拟预测模型，即水通量、盐截留率、渗透物回收率和比能耗（SEC）。评估了三个不同的输入因素（进料浓度、pH 值和压力）。使用方差分析（ANOVA）对 RSM 模型的显著性进行了测试和验证。还通过图形比较对模型的预测能力进行了比较。通过对 NF 和 RO 膜中试工厂的数值优化确定了最佳条件。最后，利用最佳条件研究了 NF 和 RO 的混合配置，以确定适合修复咸地下水的技术。尽管 RO 膜可以去除地下水中超过 99%的总溶解固体（TDS），但回收率较低使其在环境方面不利。结果表明，混合系统（40.35%）的回收率高于 RO 单独处理（18.796%），且 SEC 也降低（5.090-3.8kW·H/m）。因此，将混合膜装置与 NF-RO 结合起来处理咸地下水，以提高回收率和降低 SEC，是一种可行的替代方案。
