School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2022 Dec;43(24):e2200421. doi: 10.1002/marc.202200421. Epub 2022 Jun 24.
Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a non-invasive characterization method for studying molecular structures and dynamics, providing high spatial resolution at nanometer scale. Over the past decades, FRET-based measurements are developed and widely implemented in synthetic polymer systems for understanding and detecting a variety of nanoscale phenomena, enabling significant advances in polymer science. In this review, the basic principles of fluorescence and FRET are briefly discussed. Several representative research areas are highlighted, where FRET spectroscopy and imaging can be employed to reveal polymer morphology and kinetics. These examples include understanding polymer micelle formation and stability, detecting guest molecule release from polymer host, characterizing supramolecular assembly, imaging composite interfaces, and determining polymer chain conformations and their diffusion kinetics. Finally, a perspective on the opportunities of FRET-based measurements is provided for further allowing their greater contributions in this exciting area.
荧光共振能量转移（FRET）是一种用于研究分子结构和动力学的非侵入性特征化方法，可在纳米尺度上提供高空间分辨率。在过去的几十年中，基于 FRET 的测量方法在合成聚合物系统中得到了发展和广泛应用，用于理解和检测各种纳米尺度现象，推动了聚合物科学的重大进展。在这篇综述中，简要讨论了荧光和 FRET 的基本原理。强调了几个有代表性的研究领域，其中 FRET 光谱和成像可用于揭示聚合物形态和动力学。这些例子包括理解聚合物胶束的形成和稳定性、检测聚合物主体中客体分子的释放、表征超分子组装、成像复合材料界面以及确定聚合物链构象及其扩散动力学。最后，对基于 FRET 的测量方法的机遇进行了展望，以期在这一令人兴奋的领域中做出更大的贡献。
