Giuliotti Lorella, Benvenuti Maria Novella, Martini Andrea, Accorsi Pier Attilio, Lotti Claudia, Cappucci Alice, Conte Giuseppe
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems, University of Firenze, Florence 50144, Italy.
Arch Anim Breed. 2022 May 31;65(2):223-229. doi: 10.5194/aab-65-223-2022. eCollection 2022.
Corn crops require large amounts of resources that affect the environmental sustainability of dairy cow farming systems. The aim of the study was thus to investigate the effects of the replacement of corn silage (CS) with triticale silage (TS) by evaluating blood and productive parameters. The study lasted 7 weeks and involved two groups of 20 Italian Holstein Friesian dairy cows that were homogeneous in terms of parity ( ), days in milk (DIM) ( ), and daily milk production ( kg). Chemical analysis of feeds was carried out weekly. Dry-matter intake was estimated daily. At the beginning and end of the trial, haematological, metabolic, and immunological parameters were analysed. At the same, time body weight and body condition score were measured. Milk characteristics were also analysed weekly. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA on data of the second sampling, and a non-parametric test was performed to analyse BCS. Regarding the haematological parameters in the two groups, only lymphocyte values were not in the normal range (2.86 and L for CS and TS, respectively). Metabolic parameters were in the normal range except for blood ureic nitrogen (BUN; 13.65 and 14.04 ), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs; 21.40 and 31.93 ), and Cl (91.99 and 93.50 ). Hair cortisol was low (0.94 and 0.91 ), indicating the absence of stress signs, as confirmed by the results of other immunological parameters (serum lysozyme (SL), bactericidal activity (SBA), haptoglobin (HP), and oxygen free radicals (OFRs)). Statistical differences were not found either for haematological or biochemical parameters. The total replacement of CS with TS did not affect milk yield and composition. In conclusion, the replacement of CS by TS did not give rise to significant modifications in the parameters investigated and did not alter the health status of the animals, thus suggesting the feasibility of its introduction into the diet of mid-lactation dairy cows.
玉米作物需要大量资源，这会影响奶牛养殖系统的环境可持续性。因此，本研究的目的是通过评估血液和生产参数，研究用小黑麦青贮饲料（TS）替代玉米青贮饲料（CS）的效果。该研究持续了7周，涉及两组各20头意大利荷斯坦弗里生奶牛，两组奶牛在胎次（ ）、泌乳天数（DIM）（ ）和日产奶量（ 千克）方面均相同。每周对饲料进行化学分析。每天估算干物质摄入量。在试验开始和结束时，分析血液学、代谢和免疫学参数。同时测量体重和体况评分。每周也分析牛奶特性。对第二次采样的数据进行方差分析（ANOVA）统计分析，并进行非参数检验以分析体况评分。关于两组的血液学参数，只有淋巴细胞值不在正常范围内（CS组和TS组分别为2.86和 L）。除血尿素氮（BUN；13.65和14.04 ）、非酯化脂肪酸（NEFAs；21.40和31.93 ）以及氯（Cl；91.99和93.50 ）外，代谢参数均在正常范围内。毛发皮质醇水平较低（0.94和0.91 ），表明不存在应激迹象，其他免疫学参数（血清溶菌酶（SL）、杀菌活性（SBA）、触珠蛋白（HP）和氧自由基（OFRs））的结果也证实了这一点。血液学或生化参数均未发现统计学差异。用TS完全替代CS不会影响产奶量和奶的成分。总之，用TS替代CS不会导致所研究参数的显著变化，也不会改变动物的健康状况，因此表明将其引入泌乳中期奶牛日粮是可行的。
