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借鉴并拓展其工具包:在新冠疫情期间远程教学中,幼儿教师在支持幼儿社会情感学习方面的传统策略、非常规机遇与新挑战

Drawing from and Expanding their Toolboxes: Preschool Teachers' Traditional Strategies, Unconventional Opportunities, and Novel Challenges in Scaffolding Young Children's Social and Emotional Learning During Remote Instruction Amidst COVID-19.

作者信息

Chen Jennifer J, Adams Charlene Brotherson

机构信息

Kean University, 1000 Morris Ave., Union, NJ 070823 USA.

出版信息

Early Child Educ J. 2023;51(5):925-937. doi: 10.1007/s10643-022-01359-6. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Abstract

Building on aspects of Vygotsky's sociocultural theory centering around social interaction and adult scaffolding as essential to children's learning, this study investigated the most prominently used strategies by eight teachers to scaffold social and emotional learning (SEL) in preschool children (ages 3-4) in the context of remote instruction during the 2021-2022 school year amidst COVID-19. These teachers (seven females and one male) came from two urban preschools funded by their local Board of Education in the state of New Jersey in the United States. These teachers (ages 28-44 years,  = 32 years) varied in teaching experience from five to 29 years ( = 13 years). Each teacher was interviewed for an average of 40 min virtually via Zoom. The interviews were digitally recorded and then transcribed for analysis. A thematic analysis of the data revealed that the three most salient strategies the teachers implemented to virtually scaffold the children's SEL were: (1) involving book reading and discussion, (2) utilizing visuals, and (3) engaging in targeted conversations. In addition to adapting these three traditional strategies applied during in-person instruction to remote instruction, the teachers creatively and appropriately leveraged online resources to further scaffold and enhance children's SEL in the unconventional virtual environment, thereby expanding their toolboxes. Despite their intentional efforts, these teachers found that there were unconventional opportunities and novel challenges in scaffolding children's SEL during remote instruction not traditionally found during in-person instruction. Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that in-person instruction, due to its social nature, is still the most optimal condition for promoting children's SEL.

摘要

本研究以维果茨基社会文化理论中围绕社会互动和成人支架对儿童学习至关重要的方面为基础,调查了2021-2022学年新冠疫情期间远程教学背景下,八位教师在为学龄前儿童(3至4岁)搭建社会情感学习(SEL)支架时最常用的策略。这些教师(七名女性和一名男性)来自美国新泽西州当地教育委员会资助的两所城市幼儿园。这些教师年龄在28至44岁之间(平均年龄32岁),教学经验从五年到二十九年不等(平均13年)。每位教师通过Zoom进行了平均40分钟的线上访谈。访谈进行了数字录音,然后转录以供分析。对数据的主题分析表明,教师们为虚拟搭建儿童SEL支架而实施的三个最突出的策略是:(1)涉及阅读书籍和讨论,(2)使用视觉资料,(3)进行有针对性的对话。除了将这三种在面对面教学中应用的传统策略应用于远程教学外,教师们还创造性地、适当地利用在线资源,在非传统的虚拟环境中进一步搭建支架并增强儿童SEL,从而扩展了他们的工具库。尽管他们有意为之,但这些教师发现在远程教学中为儿童SEL搭建支架存在非传统的机遇和新的挑战,而这些在传统的面对面教学中是不存在的。总体而言,本研究结果表明,由于其社交性质,面对面教学仍然是促进儿童SEL的最理想条件。

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