Hare-Mustin R T
Fam Process. 1987 Mar;26(1):15-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.1987.00015.x.
The field of family therapy is now a continuous process like a car cruising on automatic control with the driver comfortably in the lotus position. Family therapy theory rests on normative concepts of the traditional family and idealized conceptions of family relationships. Inequalities in the family associated with gender have been regarded as of little importance to the development of macro theory in the field. The two most influential therapeutic models, psychodynamic and systemic approaches, are each marked by gender bias. The alpha prejudice of psychodynamic theories exaggerates gender differences; the beta prejudice of systemic approaches ignores them. The construction of gender role concepts has led to a false dichotomy, whether supported by traditionalists or feminists. On close examination, gender role ideals turn out to be simplifications and caricatures. The uncritical use of gender role concepts supports power differences between men and women and ignores the complexities and commonalities of human experience. The failure of family therapy theory to deal with gender issues needs to be addressed if a theory that is not just "more of the same" is to be developed.
家庭治疗领域如今是一个持续的过程，就像一辆汽车在自动驾驶，司机惬意地盘腿而坐。家庭治疗理论基于传统家庭的规范概念和理想化的家庭关系观念。家庭中与性别相关的不平等被认为对该领域宏观理论的发展无关紧要。两种最具影响力的治疗模式，即心理动力学方法和系统方法，都存在性别偏见。心理动力学理论的α偏见夸大了性别差异；系统方法的β偏见则忽视了这些差异。性别角色概念的构建导致了一种错误的二分法，无论是传统主义者还是女权主义者都予以支持。仔细审视后会发现，性别角色理想其实是简单化和漫画化的。不加批判地使用性别角色概念支持了男女之间的权力差异，忽视了人类经历的复杂性和共性。如果要发展出一种不仅仅是“换汤不换药”的理论，就需要解决家庭治疗理论在处理性别问题上的不足。
