Pakpahan Suhendra, Widayanti Rini, Artama Wayan T
Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2022 Apr;15(4):1044-1050. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1044-1050. Epub 2022 Apr 24.
The Samosir goat has a high cultural value and is a source of germplasm in Indonesia. This study aimed to reveal the history and selection signatures of the Samosir goat.
A total of 25 goats were divided into seven subpopulations of Indonesian goat breeds. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from blood samples was isolated with the use of the gSYNC™ DNA Mini Kit (Geneaid, Taipei, Taiwan). Cytb gene amplification was performed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and the PCR products were sequenced. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining method using MEGA 11 software. A questionnaire was used to collect information related to the history and breeding practices of the Samosir goat on Samosir Island.
Samosir goats are divided into four groups based on their coat color: Completely white, white with brown spots, white with black spots, and white with brown and black spots. The body form of the Samosir goat is similar to that of the Kacang goat. The space below a traditional Toba Batak house is used as a goat pen. The genetic difference between the Samosir goat and the Kacang goat based on the Cytb gene was approximately 0.1%.
Phylogenetic analysis between Samosir goats and other indigenous Indonesian goats revealed that Samosir goats form a single clade, with a very close genetic distance from other local goats, such as the Kacang goat. The Toba Batak culture on Samosir Island has significantly influenced the selection and formation of the Samosir goat breed.
萨莫西山羊具有很高的文化价值，是印度尼西亚的种质资源之一。本研究旨在揭示萨莫西山羊的历史和选择印记。
总共25只山羊被分为印度尼西亚山羊品种的七个亚群。使用gSYNC™ DNA Mini试剂盒（Geneaid，台北，台湾）从血液样本中分离脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法进行细胞色素b（Cytb）基因扩增，并对PCR产物进行测序。使用MEGA 11软件通过邻接法构建系统发育树。通过问卷调查收集与萨莫西岛萨莫西山羊的历史和养殖实践相关的信息。
萨莫西山羊根据毛色分为四组：全白、带褐色斑点的白色、带黑色斑点的白色以及带褐色和黑色斑点的白色。萨莫西山羊的体型与卡康山羊相似。传统托巴巴塔克房屋下方的空间用作羊圈。基于Cytb基因，萨莫西山羊与卡康山羊之间的遗传差异约为0.1%。
萨莫西山羊与其他印度尼西亚本土山羊之间的系统发育分析表明，萨莫西山羊形成一个单系分支，与其他当地山羊（如卡康山羊）的遗传距离非常近。萨莫西岛上的托巴巴塔克文化对萨莫西山羊品种的选择和形成产生了显著影响。
