Suyasa I Nyoman, Suardana I Wayan, Putra I Gusti Agung Arta, Suryani Ni Nyoman
Department of National Research and Innovation Agency, Doctoral Student of The Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2023 May;16(5):912-917. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.912-917. Epub 2023 May 7.
Boerka goats are the new breed in Bali targeted at meeting the increasing demand for lamb. They are meat-type goats created by crossing male Boer and female Kacang breeds. This new breed is expected to have good adaptation in a poor environment, such as Kacang goats and produce good quality lamb as Boer goats. Therefore, this study aimed to examine phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Boerka goats raised in Bali.
A total of 16 female Boerka goats at 2 years old collected from a group of livestock farmers in Sanda Village were used as samples. This observational study began with observations of qualitative characteristics and morphometric measurements of goats, followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the growth hormone (GH) gene using GH5F and GH5R primers. Polymerase chain reaction products were then sequenced and analyzed with the MEGA 11 program.
The results showed that all Boerka goats had stuck-down ears, the heads were predominantly brown in color (62.5%), the body color pattern tends to be white (87.50%), and the tail color pattern was also dominated by white (62.5%). In morphometric terms, the samples were close to Kacang goats based on the body weight, head length, head width, chest width, depth, and circumference, left front leg circumference, ear length, ear width, tail length, tail width, and flank height except for head height, body length, horn length, and shoulder height. Analysis of the GH gene showed that Boerka goats had a nucleotide composition dominated by the purine base guanine (26.5%) and pyrimidine cytosine (31.8%). Furthermore, they formed a separate cluster with a genetic distance of 14.1% to the Anhui White breed from China, the Tibetan breed, and the Swiss Saanen breed.
Boerka goats raised in Bali have phenotypes, including qualitative characteristics and morphometric measurements close to Kacang goats. As meat-type goats, they also form a separate cluster distinct from similar types worldwide.
布尔卡山羊是巴厘岛培育的新品种，旨在满足对羊肉日益增长的需求。它们是通过将雄性布尔山羊与雌性卡 Cang 山羊杂交培育出的肉用型山羊。预计这种新品种能像卡 Cang 山羊一样在恶劣环境中具有良好适应性，并能产出像布尔山羊一样品质优良的羊肉。因此，本研究旨在检测巴厘岛饲养的布尔卡山羊的表型和基因型特征。
从桑达村一群养殖户中收集了 16 只 2 岁的雌性布尔卡山羊作为样本。这项观察性研究首先对山羊的定性特征和形态测量进行观察，随后使用 GH5F 和 GH5R 引物对生长激素（GH）基因进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）。然后对聚合酶链反应产物进行测序，并使用 MEGA 11 程序进行分析。
结果显示，所有布尔卡山羊耳朵下垂，头部主要为棕色（62.5%），身体毛色图案倾向于白色（87.50%），尾巴毛色图案也以白色为主（62.5%）。在形态测量方面，除了头部高度、体长、角长和肩高外，基于体重、头长、头宽、胸宽、胸深、胸围、左前腿围、耳长、耳宽、尾长、尾宽和胁腹高度，样本与卡 Cang 山羊相近。对 GH 基因的分析表明，布尔卡山羊的核苷酸组成以嘌呤碱基鸟嘌呤（26.5%）和嘧啶胞嘧啶（31.8%）为主。此外，它们与中国的安徽白山羊品种、藏山羊品种和瑞士萨能山羊品种形成了一个单独的聚类，遗传距离为 14.1%。
巴厘岛饲养的布尔卡山羊具有与卡 Cang 山羊相近的表型，包括定性特征和形态测量。作为肉用型山羊，它们也形成了一个与世界上类似类型不同的单独聚类。
