Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Animal Health Research Platform, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Colonia, Uruguay.
J Appl Microbiol. 2022 Sep;133(3):1610-1619. doi: 10.1111/jam.15664. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
In this study, we sought to identify and characterize a collection of 101 lactobacilli strains isolated from natural whey starters used in Uruguayan artisan cheese production, based on their capacity to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and their probiotic potential.
The probiotic potential was assessed using low pH and bile salt resistance assays; bacterial adhesion to intestinal mucus was also evaluated. Selected strains were then identified by 16S sequencing, and their GABA-producing potential was confirmed and quantified using a UHPLC-MS system. Twenty-five strains were identified and characterized as GABA-producing lactobacilli belonging to the phylogenetical groups Lactiplantibacillus (n = 19) and Lacticaseibacillus (n = 6). Fifteen strains of the Lactiplantibacillus group showed a significantly higher GABA production than the rest. They showed the predicted ability to survive the passage through the gastrointestinal tract, according to the in vitro assays.
A set of promising candidate strains was identified as potential probiotics with action on the gut-brain axis. Further studies are needed to assess their possible effects on behaviour using in vivo assay.
This study shows the potential of strains isolated from local natural whey starters as probiotics and for biotechnological use in functional GABA-enriched foods formulation.
本研究旨在从乌拉圭传统奶酪生产中使用的天然乳清发酵剂中分离出的 101 株乳杆菌菌株，根据其产生γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的能力及其益生菌潜力进行鉴定和表征。
通过低 pH 值和胆汁盐抗性试验评估益生菌潜力；还评估了细菌对肠道黏液的黏附能力。然后通过 16S 测序鉴定选定的菌株，并使用 UHPLC-MS 系统确认和定量其 GABA 产生能力。鉴定并表征了 25 株属于植物乳杆菌（n=19）和乳酸乳球菌（n=6）进化群的 GABA 产生乳杆菌。其中 15 株植物乳杆菌具有更高的 GABA 产量。根据体外试验，它们表现出预测的在胃肠道中存活的能力。
一组有前途的候选菌株被鉴定为具有肠道-大脑轴作用的潜在益生菌。需要进一步研究使用体内试验评估它们对行为的可能影响。
本研究表明了从当地天然乳清发酵剂中分离出的菌株作为益生菌和用于富含 GABA 的功能性食品配方生物技术的潜力。
