Grushina T I, Orlov I I
Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine of the Department of Health of the City of Moscow, Moscow, Russia.
Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2022;99(3):58-65. doi: 10.17116/kurort20229903158.
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a relatively new branch of physiotherapy.
Conduct an analytical review of the available literature data on the use of ESWT in oncology.
A review was conducted, including data from electronic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, World Health Organization, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ScienceDirect, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, PubMed, Google Scholar, elibrary, CyberLeninka, disserCat.
The study of ESWT in oncology is carried out in two directions: 1) impact on the tumor with the aim of its disintegration, inhibition of growth, enhancement of the action of radiation and/or chemotherapy; 2) rehabilitation of cancer patients. Shock waves and significantly reduce the viability and activate apoptosis of cell lines of osteosarcoma, cancer of the stomach, colon, rectum, bladder, breast, urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract, adenocarcinoma of the cervix, Burkitt's lymphoma, sarcoma, anaplastic thyroid cancer glands, glioblastoma multiforme. Shock waves also sensitize tumor cells for adjuvant chemotherapy and increase its antitumor activity. The lack of a stimulating effect on a number of malignant tumors in this physical factor makes it possible to conduct ESWT studies in the rehabilitation of cancer patients. The data obtained by a number of authors indicate the clinical efficacy of ESWT in the rehabilitation of patients with erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy, with postmastectomy lymphedema of the upper limb, with myofascial pain syndrome after cervical lymph node dissection due to malignant neoplasms of the head and neck, with peripheral polyneuropathy induced by cytostatics. However, in order to develop indications and contraindications for the appointment of ESWT in the rehabilitation of cancer patients, it is not enough just to evaluate its clinical effectiveness; currently absent scientific studies with long-term follow-up of patients who received this method of physiotherapy are needed.
体外冲击波疗法（ESWT）是物理治疗中一个相对较新的分支。
对有关ESWT在肿瘤学中应用的现有文献数据进行分析性综述。
进行了一项综述，包括来自电子数据库的数据：Scopus、科学网、医学在线、世界卫生组织、考克兰对照试验中央注册库、科学Direct、美国国立医学图书馆国立卫生研究院、PubMed、谷歌学术、电子图书馆、CyberLeninka、disserCat。
ESWT在肿瘤学中的研究主要有两个方向：1）以肿瘤分解、抑制生长、增强放疗和/或化疗作用为目的对肿瘤进行冲击；2）癌症患者的康复治疗。冲击波能显著降低骨肉瘤、胃癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、膀胱癌、乳腺癌、上尿路尿路上皮癌、宫颈癌腺癌、伯基特淋巴瘤、肉瘤、间变性甲状腺癌、多形性胶质母细胞瘤细胞系的活力并激活其凋亡。冲击波还能使肿瘤细胞对辅助化疗敏感并增强其抗肿瘤活性。这种物理因素对一些恶性肿瘤缺乏刺激作用，这使得在癌症患者康复治疗中开展ESWT研究成为可能。一些作者获得的数据表明，ESWT在根治性前列腺切除术后勃起功能障碍患者、乳房切除术后上肢淋巴水肿患者、头颈部恶性肿瘤导致颈部淋巴结清扫术后肌筋膜疼痛综合征患者、细胞毒性药物引起的周围多发性神经病患者的康复治疗中具有临床疗效。然而，为了制定ESWT在癌症患者康复治疗中的适应证和禁忌证，仅仅评估其临床有效性是不够的；目前需要对接受这种物理治疗方法的患者进行长期随访的科学研究。
