Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale, L.A. Scuro 10, Verona 37134, Italy.
Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Piazzale, L.A. Scuro 10, Verona 37134, Italy.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Jul;63:103884. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103884. Epub 2022 May 15.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system whose epidemiological features are still unclear. We report current prevalence and incidence rates of MOGAD in the population of Verona province, Italy, and the seasonal distribution of disease onset.
MOGAD patients residing in Verona province were included through the consultation of a database from our Neuropathology Laboratory. Provincial prevalence was determined on 2021/1/1 (resident population: 922,291 people) and incidence rates between 2016/1/1 and 2021/1/1 were calculated from all cases, divided by the total number of person-years at risk. We also examined the distribution of attacks by month and season.
We included 23 prevalent MOGAD cases (13 females), with a median age at onset of 36 years (range 5-69). Prevalence rate was 2.5/100,000 (95% CI 1.7-3.7). 22 incident cases were collected, with an incidence rate of 4.8/million person-years (95% CI 3.1-7.2). Among the 23 prevalent patients, disease onset was more frequent in December (4 cases), February, May, and September (3 cases/month), with a global autumn-winter predominance (September-February) of 15 cases (65%), irrespective of the clinical manifestation.
This is the first study on an Italian population to report MOGAD prevalence and incidence rates; they are higher than the estimates for aquaporin-4-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in the Caucasian population, but far lower than Multiple Sclerosis. An autumn-winter predominance of disease onset is suggested, and it could be related to environmental factors that should be ascertained, although validation in larger cohorts is mandatory.
髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白（MOG）抗体相关疾病（MOGAD）是一种中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病，其流行病学特征尚不清楚。我们报告了意大利维罗纳省 MOGAD 的当前患病率和发病率，以及疾病发病的季节性分布。
通过查询我们神经病学实验室的数据库，纳入居住在维罗纳省的 MOGAD 患者。2021 年 1 月 1 日（居民人口：922291 人）确定省级患病率，根据所有病例除以总风险人年数计算 2016 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 1 月 1 日之间的发病率。我们还检查了按月和季节分布的发作情况。
我们纳入了 23 例现患 MOGAD 病例（13 例女性），中位发病年龄为 36 岁（范围 5-69 岁）。患病率为 2.5/100000（95%CI 1.7-3.7）。共收集了 22 例新发病例，发病率为 4.8/百万人口年（95%CI 3.1-7.2）。在 23 例现患患者中，发病更常见于 12 月（4 例）、2 月、5 月和 9 月（每月 3 例），具有全球性的秋冬优势（9 月至 2 月）15 例（65%），与临床表现无关。
这是第一项关于意大利人群的 MOGAD 患病率和发病率的研究；它们高于白种人群中水通道蛋白-4 阳性视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍的估计值，但远低于多发性硬化症。提示发病有秋冬优势，可能与环境因素有关，但需要在更大的队列中进行验证。
