Cai M-L, Wu Y-K, Mei Q-X, Zhao W-D, Jiang Y, Yao L, He L, Zhou Z-C, Duan L-M
Center for Quantumf Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
HYQ Co., Ltd, 100176, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Nat Commun. 2022 Jun 14;13(1):3412. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31058-0.
Supersymmetry (SUSY) helps solve the hierarchy problem in high-energy physics and provides a natural groundwork for unifying gravity with other fundamental interactions. While being one of the most promising frameworks for theories beyond the Standard Model, its direct experimental evidence in nature still remains to be discovered. Here we report experimental realization of a supersymmetric quantum mechanics (SUSY QM) model, a reduction of the SUSY quantum field theory for studying its fundamental properties, using a trapped ion quantum simulator. We demonstrate the energy degeneracy caused by SUSY in this model and the spontaneous SUSY breaking. By a partial quantum state tomography of the spin-phonon coupled system, we explicitly measure the supercharge of the degenerate ground states, which are superpositions of the bosonic and the fermionic states. Our work demonstrates the trapped-ion quantum simulator as an economic yet powerful platform to study versatile physics in a single well-controlled system.
超对称（SUSY）有助于解决高能物理中的层级问题，并为将引力与其他基本相互作用统一起来提供了一个自然的基础。尽管它是超出标准模型的理论中最有前景的框架之一，但其在自然界中的直接实验证据仍有待发现。在此，我们报告了使用囚禁离子量子模拟器对超对称量子力学（SUSY QM）模型的实验实现，该模型是超对称量子场论的一种简化形式，用于研究其基本性质。我们展示了该模型中由超对称引起的能量简并以及自发超对称破缺。通过对自旋 - 声子耦合系统进行部分量子态层析成像，我们明确测量了简并基态的超荷，这些基态是玻色子态和费米子态的叠加。我们的工作证明了囚禁离子量子模拟器是一个经济但功能强大的平台，可在单个严格控制的系统中研究多种物理现象。
