人乳和母体饮食中的叶黄素：来自日本母乳研究队列数据的横断面分析

Xanthophylls in Human Milk and Maternal Diet: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Data from the Japanese Human Milk Study Cohort.

作者信息

Ueno Hiroshi M, Sato Touko, Higurashi Satoshi, Tazaki Hiroyuki, Toba Yasuhiro

机构信息

Research and Development Department, Bean Stalk Snow Co., Ltd, Kawagoe, Japan.

School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Japan.

出版信息

Curr Dev Nutr. 2022 May 12;6(6):nzac093. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzac093. eCollection 2022 Jun.

DOI:10.1093/cdn/nzac093

PMID:35702383

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9188468/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Maternal diet and sociodemographic factors influence xanthophyll concentration and composition in human milk. However, the importance of dietary patterns regarding the intake of fruits, vegetables, and xanthophylls remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE

The aim was to determine the composition of xanthophylls in the human milk of Japanese mothers and explore associations of xanthophylls with dietary and sociodemographic factors.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the early phase of the Japanese Human Milk Study. Xanthophyll content was measured using liquid chromatography at 30-36 d postpartum. Maternal intake of foods, nutrients, and dietary supplements was estimated using a food-frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models were established using xanthophylls, maternal diet, and sociodemographic factors.

RESULTS

Xanthophyll concentrations were measured in human milk from 118 mothers. The xanthophyll concentration varied among individuals. The median (IQR) concentrations of lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin were 65.6 ng/mL (51.6-103.4 ng/mL), 18.6 ng/mL (12.9-25.8 ng/mL), and 15.6 ng/mL (9.0-26.0 ng/mL), respectively. In multivariate models, the lutein concentration was associated independently with dietary green vegetables, exclusive breastfeeding, and education ( = 0.153 for the model; β ± SE: 0.468 ± 0.198, 25.048 ± 10.222, and 13.460 ± 6.774; standardized β = 0.210, 0.217, and 0.175; = 0.019, 0.016, and 0.049 for dietary green vegetables, exclusive breastfeeding, and education, respectively). For zeaxanthin, exclusive breastfeeding was the most appropriate predictor ( = 0.085; β ± SE: 7.811 ± 3.300; standardized β = 0.218; = 0.020). The highest predictive power for human milk β-cryptoxanthin was obtained with dietary β-cryptoxanthin ( = 0.258; β ± SE: 0.089 ± 0.015; standardized β = 0.468; < 0.001), attributed to maternal citrus intake.

CONCLUSIONS

β-Cryptoxanthin in human milk was the xanthophyll most influenced by the maternal diet in Japanese women. The β-cryptoxanthin concentration in human milk was reflected by the maternal β-cryptoxanthin intake, mainly attributed to Japanese citrus consumption. This trial was registered in the Japanese Clinical Trials Registry (https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000017649) as UMIN000015494.

摘要

背景

母亲的饮食和社会人口学因素会影响母乳中叶黄素的浓度和组成。然而，关于水果、蔬菜和叶黄素摄入量的饮食模式的重要性仍不明确。

目的

本研究旨在确定日本母亲母乳中叶黄素的组成，并探讨叶黄素与饮食和社会人口学因素之间的关联。

方法

本横断面研究在日本母乳研究的早期阶段进行。产后30 - 36天使用液相色谱法测量叶黄素含量。通过食物频率问卷估计母亲的食物、营养素和膳食补充剂摄入量。使用叶黄素、母亲饮食和社会人口学因素建立线性回归模型。

结果

测量了118名母亲母乳中的叶黄素浓度。个体之间叶黄素浓度存在差异。叶黄素、玉米黄质和β - 隐黄质的中位数（四分位数间距）浓度分别为65.6 ng/mL（51.6 - 103.4 ng/mL）、18.6 ng/mL（12.9 - 25.8 ng/mL）和15.6 ng/mL（9.0 - 26.0 ng/mL）。在多变量模型中，叶黄素浓度与食用绿色蔬菜、纯母乳喂养和教育程度独立相关（模型的R² = 0.153；β ± SE：0.468 ± 0.198、25.048 ± 10.222和13.460 ± 6.774；标准化β = 0.210、0.217和0.175；食用绿色蔬菜、纯母乳喂养和教育程度的P值分别为0.019、0.016和0.049）。对于玉米黄质，纯母乳喂养是最合适的预测因素（R² = 0.085；β ± SE：7.811 ± 3.300；标准化β = 0.218；P = 0.020）。母乳中β - 隐黄质的最高预测能力来自膳食β - 隐黄质（R² = 0.258；β ± SE：0.089 ± 0.015；标准化β = 0.468；P < 0.001），这归因于母亲柑橘类水果的摄入量。

结论

母乳中的β - 隐黄质是日本女性母乳中叶黄素受母亲饮食影响最大的一种。母乳中β - 隐黄质的浓度反映了母亲β - 隐黄质的摄入量，主要归因于日本柑橘类水果的消费。本试验已在日本临床试验注册中心（https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000017649）注册，注册号为UMIN000015494。