Dascalu Maria-Dorinela, Ruseti Stefan, Dascalu Mihai, McNamara Danielle S, Carabas Mihai, Rebedea Traian, Trausan-Matu Stefan
Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
Academy of Romanian Scientists, Bucharest, Romania.
Comput Human Behav. 2021 Aug;121:106780. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106780. Epub 2021 Mar 12.
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the entire world, while the impact and usage of online learning environments has greatly increased. This paper presents a new version of the grounded in Cohesion Network Analysis, which can be used to evaluate the online activity of students as a plug-in feature to Moodle. A Recurrent Neural Network with LSTM cells that combines global features, including participation and initiation indices, with a time series analysis on timeframes is used to predict student grades, while multiple sociograms are generated to observe interaction patterns. Students' behaviors and interactions are compared before and during COVID-19 using two consecutive yearly instances of an undergraduate course in Algorithm Design, conducted in Romanian using Moodle. The COVID-19 outbreak generated an off-balance, a drastic increase in participation, followed by a decrease towards the end of the semester, compared to the academic year 2018-2019 when lower fluctuations in participation were observed. The prediction model for the 2018-2019 academic year obtained an of 0.27, while the model for the second year obtained a better of 0.34, a value arguably attributable to an increased volume of online activity. Moreover, the best model from the first academic year is partially generalizable to the second year, but explains a considerably lower variance ( = 0.13). In addition to the quantitative analysis, a qualitative analysis of changes in student behaviors using comparative sociograms further supported conclusions that there were drastic changes in student behaviors observed as a function of the COVID-19 pandemic.
新冠疫情改变了整个世界,同时在线学习环境的影响和使用大幅增加。本文介绍了一个基于凝聚网络分析的新版本,它可作为Moodle的插件功能用于评估学生的在线活动。一个带有长短期记忆(LSTM)单元的循环神经网络,将包括参与度和发起指数在内的全局特征与时间框架上的时间序列分析相结合,用于预测学生成绩,同时生成多个社会关系图以观察互动模式。利用在罗马尼亚使用Moodle进行的本科算法设计课程连续两年的实例,比较了新冠疫情之前和期间学生的行为及互动情况。与2018 - 2019学年相比,当时参与度波动较小,新冠疫情的爆发造成了一种失衡,参与度急剧上升,随后在学期末下降。2018 - 2019学年的预测模型得到的R值为0.27,而第二年的模型得到了更好的R值0.34,这个值可以说是归因于在线活动量的增加。此外,第一学年的最佳模型部分可推广到第二年,但解释的方差要低得多(R = 0.13)。除了定量分析,使用对比社会关系图对学生行为变化进行的定性分析进一步支持了这样的结论:观察到学生行为因新冠疫情而发生了巨大变化。