Ouattara Balkissa S, Beseler Cheryl L, Rautiainen Risto H
Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
J Agromedicine. 2023 Apr;28(2):214-223. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2022.2089421. Epub 2022 Jun 15.
Statistics from the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics indicate that agriculture consistently ranks as the most hazardous industry in the US. To identify specific targets for prevention, we investigated injury risk factor profiles separately for each injured body site. We also characterized the severity of agricultural injuries by injured body site using the type of medical care and lost work time due to injury.
We used the Central States Center for Agricultural Safety and Health (CS-CASH) surveillance data for 2018 to perform descriptive statistics and regression modeling.
We found that 12% (513/4351) of the participants experienced one or more injuries in the previous 12 months. Compared to female operators, male operators had 3.53 (95% CI: 1.17-10.68) times higher odds of back injury. Operators in livestock production had 2.77 times (95% CI:1.12-6.82), 2.28 times (95% CI:1.25-4.14), and 1.69 times (95% CI:1.10-2.59) higher odds of injury to the chest/trunk, finger, and leg/knee/hip, respectively, compared to operators in crop or mixed production. After adjusting for age and gender, operators who worked full time (vs. part-time) on the farm/ranch had 2.11 times (95% CI:1.03-4.34) higher odds of back injury. Arm/shoulder and leg/knee/hip injuries were more frequent in older age groups.
Prevention measures should be tailored considering specifically livestock producers with emphasis on trainings on proper livestock handling, such as being gentle, establishing routine, keeping distance, and avoiding sudden and loud noise when handling animals. Applying these techniques avoid startling the animals and reduce the risk of injuries.
美国劳工统计局的统计数据表明，农业一直是美国最危险的行业。为了确定具体的预防目标，我们分别调查了每个受伤身体部位的损伤风险因素概况。我们还根据受伤身体部位，利用医疗护理类型和因伤损失的工作时间来描述农业伤害的严重程度。
我们使用了中部各州农业安全与健康中心（CS-CASH）2018年的监测数据进行描述性统计和回归建模。
我们发现，12%（513/4351）的参与者在过去12个月中经历了一次或多次受伤。与女性操作员相比，男性操作员背部受伤的几率高3.53倍（95%置信区间：1.17-10.68）。与从事作物或混合生产的操作员相比，从事畜牧生产的操作员胸部/躯干、手指和腿部/膝盖/臀部受伤的几率分别高2.77倍（95%置信区间：1.12-6.82）、2.28倍（95%置信区间：1.25-4.14）和1.69倍（95%置信区间：1.10-2.59）。在调整年龄和性别后，在农场/牧场全职工作（与兼职相比）的操作员背部受伤的几率高2.11倍（95%置信区间：1.03-4.34）。手臂/肩膀和腿部/膝盖/臀部受伤在老年人群中更为常见。
应针对畜牧生产者制定预防措施，特别强调关于正确处理牲畜的培训，例如动作轻柔、建立常规、保持距离以及在处理动物时避免突然和大声的噪音。应用这些技术可避免惊吓动物并降低受伤风险。
