Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinicagrid.28665.3f, Taipei, Taiwan.
Penghu Marine Biology Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Penghu, Taiwan.
mSystems. 2022 Aug 30;7(4):e0035922. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00359-22. Epub 2022 Jun 15.
Bacteria in the coral microbiome play a crucial role in determining coral health and fitness, and the coral host often restructures its microbiome composition in response to external factors. An important but often neglected factor determining this microbiome restructuring is the ability of microbiome members to respond to changes in the environment. To address this issue, we examined how the microbiome structure of corals changed over 9 months following a reciprocal transplant experiment. Using a combination of metabarcoding, genomics, and comparative genomics approaches, we found that coral colonies separated by a small distance harbored different dominant -related phylotypes belonging to two different species, including a novel species, " Endozoicomonas penghunesis" 4G, whose chromosome-level (complete) genome was also sequenced in this study. Furthermore, the two dominant species had different potentials to scavenge reactive oxygen species, suggesting potential differences in responding to the environment. Differential capabilities of dominant members of the microbiome to respond to environmental change can (i) provide distinct advantages or disadvantages to coral hosts when subjected to changing environmental conditions and (ii) have positive or negative implications for future reefs. The coral microbiome has been known to play a crucial role in host health. In recent years, we have known that the coral microbiome changes in response to external stressors and that coral hosts structure their microbiome in a host-specific manner. However, an important internal factor, the ability of microbiome members to respond to change, has been often neglected. In this study, we combine metabarcoding, culturing, and genomics to delineate the differential ability of two dominant species, including a novel " Endozoicomonas penghunesis" 4G, to respond to change in the environment following a reciprocal transplant experiment.
珊瑚微生物组中的细菌在决定珊瑚健康和适应能力方面发挥着关键作用，而珊瑚宿主通常会根据外部因素重组其微生物组组成。决定这种微生物组重构的一个重要但经常被忽视的因素是微生物组成员响应环境变化的能力。为了解决这个问题，我们研究了在互惠移植实验后 9 个月内珊瑚微生物组结构的变化。我们使用组合代谢组学、基因组学和比较基因组学方法，发现距离较小的珊瑚殖民地栖息着不同的优势相关的分类群，属于两个不同的物种，包括一种新的物种，“Penhunesis”4G 内共生菌，其染色体水平（完整）基因组也在本研究中进行了测序。此外，这两个主要物种在清除活性氧方面具有不同的潜力，这表明它们在响应环境方面可能存在差异。微生物组中主要成员响应环境变化的不同能力可以（i）在珊瑚宿主受到环境变化时为其提供明显的优势或劣势，以及（ii）对未来的珊瑚礁产生积极或消极的影响。珊瑚微生物组在宿主健康中起着至关重要的作用。近年来，我们已经知道珊瑚微生物组会响应外部压力而变化，并且珊瑚宿主会以宿主特异性的方式构建其微生物组。然而，一个重要的内部因素，即微生物组成员响应变化的能力，经常被忽视。在这项研究中，我们结合代谢组学、培养和基因组学，描绘了两种主要物种（包括一种新的“Penhunesis”4G 内共生菌）在互惠移植实验后响应环境变化的差异能力。
