Diaz-Fernández F, Gestal-Otero J J
Int J Epidemiol. 1987 Mar;16(1):52-6. doi: 10.1093/ije/16.1.52.
The influence of habitat on the frequency and characteristics of mental handicap in Galicia (NW Spain) has been studied by means of a survey of registered mentally handicapped people. Higher prevalence is observed in rural, inland, mountainous, isolated and socioeconomically and culturally depressed areas with low population density, high migration rates and a high degree of endogamy. In these areas the prevalence of severe deficiency among the mentally handicapped is also higher due to CNS infections, cranial traumatisms and goitre and to the infrequent use of birth control methods. The expectation of rehabilitation in these areas is nil, though in some cases occupational adaptation is possible.
通过对已登记的智力障碍者进行调查，研究了西班牙西北部加利西亚地区的居住环境对智力障碍的发生率及特征的影响。在农村、内陆、山区、孤立地区以及社会经济和文化落后、人口密度低、移民率高和近亲结婚率高的地区，智力障碍的患病率更高。在这些地区，由于中枢神经系统感染、颅脑外伤、甲状腺肿以及避孕方法使用不频繁，智力障碍者中重度缺陷的患病率也更高。尽管在某些情况下可以进行职业适应，但这些地区的康复期望为零。
