Karugaba Grace, Thupayagale-Tshweneagae Gloria, Moleki Mary M, Mabikwa Onkabetse V, Matshaba Mogomotsi
Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence, Gaborone, Botswana.
South Afr J HIV Med. 2022 Apr 29;23(1):1362. doi: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v23i1.1362. eCollection 2022.
Due to the successful antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme in Botswana, large numbers of perinatally HIV-infected adolescents are emerging into young adulthood. Young adulthood is a critical period of human development. However, there is lack of information on the factors affecting the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of young adults living with perinatally acquired HIV (YALPH) in Botswana.
The objective of this study was to assess the HRQOL and its determinants among YALPH who were enrolled on ART at Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence in Gaborone, Botswana.
A cross-sectional study assessed the HRQOL of 509 YALPH aged 18-30 years using the WHOQOL-HIV BREF. Data about other variables of interest were abstracted from medical records. Bivariate analyses were performed using t and Chi-square tests to determine the associations between demographic and clinical variables and general HRQOL. The variables that were associated with the general HRQOL at -value < 0.1 were included in the multivariable analysis using the logistic regression approach.
The majority of participants had good general HRQOL (78.4%). The highest mean HRQOL score was in the Physical domain (5.4 [± 2.9]) and the lowest in the Environment domain (13.8 [± 2.7]). The factors that were significantly associated with the general HRQOL included: level of education attained ( = 0.012), employment status ( = 0.069), viral load suppression ( = 0.073) and self-reported illness ( = 0.001).
Interventions that effectively increase educational attainment, employment opportunities, ART adherence, and prevention or management of illness are needed to promote good HRQOL among YALPH in Botswana.
由于博茨瓦纳成功实施了抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）项目，大量围产期感染艾滋病毒的青少年正步入青年期。青年期是人类发育的关键时期。然而，关于影响博茨瓦纳围产期感染艾滋病毒的青年（YALPH）健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）的因素，目前尚无相关信息。
本研究的目的是评估在博茨瓦纳哈博罗内的博茨瓦纳 - 贝勒儿童卓越临床中心接受ART治疗的YALPH的HRQOL及其决定因素。
一项横断面研究使用世界卫生组织生活质量量表HIV简表（WHOQOL - HIV BREF）评估了509名年龄在18 - 30岁的YALPH的HRQOL。从医疗记录中提取了其他相关变量的数据。使用t检验和卡方检验进行双变量分析，以确定人口统计学和临床变量与总体HRQOL之间的关联。在多变量分析中，使用逻辑回归方法纳入了P值<0.1且与总体HRQOL相关的变量。
大多数参与者的总体HRQOL良好（78.4%）。HRQOL平均得分最高的是身体领域（5.4[±2.9]），最低的是环境领域（13.8[±2.7]）。与总体HRQOL显著相关的因素包括：受教育程度（P = 0.012）、就业状况（P = 0.069）、病毒载量抑制（P = 0.073）和自我报告的疾病（P = 0.001）。
需要采取有效措施提高教育程度、增加就业机会、加强ART依从性以及预防或管理疾病，以促进博茨瓦纳YALPH的良好HRQOL。
