Joshi Sakshi, Gupta Anil, Garg Shalini, Dogra Shikha
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2022 Jan-Mar;38(1):18-27. doi: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_146_20. Epub 2021 Nov 2.
Conscious sedation plays a significant role in in-office pharmacological behavior management for short-term procedures in children and apprehensive adults. The advantage conscious sedation provides is by improving quality of care provided by decreasing pain and anxiety while maintaining a patent airway and adequate spontaneous ventilation.
Present review was conducted to evaluate recent trends regarding use of in-office pharmacological sedation agents in India. A rigorous search was conducted through five electronic databases namely PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Database, and CTRI (Clinical Trial Registry - India). The search period was defined to be last 5 years, that is, from 1 January 2014 to 31 July 2019. Terminologies "Conscious Sedation," "In-office Sedation," "Midazolam," "Nitrous Oxide," "India" were included in the search. The Boolean Operation "OR" and "AND" were applied to combine the terminologies.
A total of 20 studies were identified following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The included studies were evaluated for study design, speciality involved, number of individuals and their age groups, drugs compared along with route and dosage, procedures undertaken, place of study and results. Dental fraternity (13) had more number of trials conducted as compared to medical fraternity (7) in the stimulated period, with South Indian region having maximum trials registered or published.
Midazolam was observed to the drug of choice for in-office sedation procedures in Indian Scenario. The limitation of study is that the published clinical studies are limited to a few states of India.
清醒镇静在儿童及焦虑成人的门诊短期手术药物行为管理中发挥着重要作用。清醒镇静的优势在于通过减轻疼痛和焦虑来提高护理质量，同时保持气道通畅和足够的自主通气。
本综述旨在评估印度门诊药物镇静剂使用的最新趋势。通过五个电子数据库进行了严格检索，即PubMed、Scopus、科学网、Cochrane数据库和CTRI（印度临床试验注册中心）。检索期定义为过去5年，即从2014年1月1日至2019年7月31日。检索词包括“清醒镇静”“门诊镇静”“咪达唑仑”“氧化亚氮”“印度”。应用布尔运算“OR”和“AND”来组合检索词。
按照严格的纳入和排除标准，共确定了20项研究。对纳入的研究进行了评估，内容包括研究设计、涉及的专业、个体数量及其年龄组、比较的药物及其给药途径和剂量、进行的手术、研究地点和结果。在活跃期，牙科界进行的试验数量（13项）多于医学界（7项），印度南部地区注册或发表的试验最多。
在印度的情况下，咪达唑仑被观察到是门诊镇静手术的首选药物。本研究的局限性在于已发表的临床研究仅限于印度的几个邦。
