The cell cycle gene centromere protein K () contributes to the malignant progression and prognosis of prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND

The cell cycle gene centromere protein K () is upregulated in various cancers; however, the clinical value and mechanism of in prostate cancer (PCa) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remain unclear.

METHODS

The expression of in PCa was analyzed in both patients with PCa and cell lines using immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot and bioinformatics analyses. Knockdown of in PCa cells was achieved by transfecting siRNAs and assessed using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. MTT and colony formation assays were used to assess the growth of PCa cells. The cell cycle was analyzed using propidium iodide (PI) staining and flow cytometry. To study the possible biological function of , pathway enrichment analysis was performed by dividing these groups into a high expression group and a low expression group based on the median expression level. Finally, the correlation between expression in PCa and clinical parameters was evaluated.

RESULTS

Our study revealed that was expressed at high levels in CRPC tissues and cell lines compared to primary PCa. The downregulation of significantly inhibited cell viability and reduced the number of colonies formed by LNCaP-AI and DU145 cells (two CRPC cell lines). Gene enrichment and flow cytometry analyses showed that high expression was linked to mitotic spindles and the cell cycle and may be involved in mitosis in the cell cycle of cancer cells to modulate cell proliferation and promote the development of CRPC. Moreover, patients exhibiting higher expression of the mRNA experienced shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than the lower expression group.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides novel molecular insights into the role of in castration-resistant PCa cells and reveals that an increase in expression may indicate shorter DFS and a poor prognosis for patients with PCa. Targeting may be a novel strategy for the treatment of PCa.