Graham T W, Goodger W J, Christiansen V, Thurmond M C
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1987 Mar 15;190(6):668-71.
An episode of zinc toxicosis in 95 veal calves caused $29,602 in losses to the producer ($315/affected calf), most of them direct, out-of-pocket losses. Increased calf mortality and increased veterinary service costs accounted for a majority (70%) of the losses. Reduction of losses may have been accomplished by removing the source and increasing the roughage content in the diet, or by shipping the animals for immediate slaughter. Given the magnitude of the financial loss, especially those associated with calf mortality, it was concluded that producers should refrain from using large amounts of mineral supplements unless a deficiency has been diagnosed.
95头犊牛发生的一起锌中毒事件给养殖户造成了29,602美元的损失（每头患病犊牛损失315美元），其中大部分是直接的现金损失。犊牛死亡率增加和兽医服务成本增加占损失的大部分（70%）。减少损失的方法可能是去除源头并增加日粮中的粗饲料含量，或者将动物送去立即屠宰。鉴于经济损失的规模，尤其是与犊牛死亡率相关的损失，得出的结论是，除非已诊断出矿物质缺乏，养殖户应避免使用大量矿物质补充剂。
