Departamento de Protozoología, Helmintología e Invertebrados afines, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, 15072, Lima, Peru.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal da, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, Km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, CEP, 23890-000, Brazil.
Syst Parasitol. 2022 Oct;99(5):571-585. doi: 10.1007/s11230-022-10047-3. Epub 2022 Jun 16.
A parasitological survey searching diplectanids (Monogenea: Diplecatnidae) infesting the gills of marine fishes from South America was carried out during the 2019-2020 period. The gills of four sciaenid species, 2 Cheilotrema fasciatum Tschudi, 1 smalleye croaker Nebris microps Cuvier, 2 royal highhat Pareques lanfeari (Barton), and 1 minor stardrum Stellifer minor (Tschudi), were sampled. Six new species of Rhamnocercus Monaco, Wood & Mizelle, 1954 were described: Rhamnocercus chacllae n. sp. and Rhamnocercus chaskae n. sp. from P. lanfeari, Rhamnocercus fasciatus n. sp. from C. fasciatum, Rhamnocercus microps n. sp. from N. microps, and Rhamnocercus rimaci n. sp. and Rhamnocercus tantaleani n. sp. from S. minor. Rhamnocercus chacllae n. sp. can be differentiated from its congeners by its L-shaped male copulatory organ (MCO) and by having an anteromedial slight notch at ventral bar. Rhamnocercus chaskae n. sp. differs from the other species of the genus by its long and straight MCO with bifid distal end and by having haptoral accessory spines at level of ventral bar with quadrifid distal portion. Rhamnocercus fasciatus n. sp. is characterized by possessing a straight and long MCO with truncated distal end, haptoral accessory spines at level of ventral bar with bifid distal portion, dorsal bars with a knob at lateral extremity, and a large vagina with bell-shaped. Rhamnocercus microps n. sp. differs from all congeners mainly by having a short and straight MCO with the distal end of internal tube spatulate and uncovered by external tube. Rhamnocercus rimaci n. sp. is can be distinguished from all other species of Rhamnocercus by having an almost J-shaped MCO with the distal end of external tube slight expanded and the distal end of internal tube narrow and uncovered by external tube. Rhamnocercus tantaleani n. sp. is mainly characterized by its MCO, which is tubular and straight, having the distal end of external tube bifurcated (right branch well-expanded and left branch narrow) and the distal end of internal tube enveloped by left branch of the external tube. This is the first data on the parasites of P. lanfeari, a little known, but popular fish in local markets from Peru. Rhamnocercus microps n. sp. is the first described species of Rhamnocercus in Brazil. The present finding brings to 12, the number of known species of Rhamnocercus. A key to Rhamnocercus species is provided.
一项针对寄生在南美白对虾鳃部的双鳞虫（Monogenea: Diplecatnidae）的寄生虫学调查是在 2019 年至 2020 年期间进行的。调查采集了四种石首鱼科鱼类的鳃部样本，分别为 2 种查氏双鳞虫（Cheilotrema fasciatum Tschudi）、1 种小眼鲷（Nebris microps Cuvier）、2 种皇家高帽鲷（Pareques lanfeari (Barton）和 1 种小星头鲷（Stellifer minor (Tschudi）。描述了 6 种新的 Rhamnocercus Monaco、Wood 和 Mizelle，1954 种：来自 P. lanfeari 的 Rhamnocercus chacllae n. sp. 和 Rhamnocercus chaskae n. sp.，来自 C. fasciatum 的 Rhamnocercus fasciatus n. sp.，来自 N. microps 的 Rhamnocercus microps n. sp.，来自 S. minor 的 Rhamnocercus rimaci n. sp. 和 Rhamnocercus tantaleani n. sp.。Rhamnocercus chacllae n. sp. 可以通过其 L 形的雄性交配器官（MCO）和腹甲上的前内侧轻微凹口与同属的其他种区分开来。Rhamnocercus chaskae n. sp. 与该属的其他种不同，其 MCO 长而直，末端分叉，腹甲上有双叉的附器刺，末端有四叉。Rhamnocercus fasciatus n. sp. 的特征是具有直而长的 MCO，末端截断，腹甲上有附器刺，末端分叉，背甲在外侧有一个结节，阴道大，呈钟形。Rhamnocercus microps n. sp. 与所有同属种的主要区别在于其 MCO 短而直，内部管的末端呈桨状，未被外部管覆盖。Rhamnocercus rimaci n. sp. 与所有其他 Rhamnocercus 种的区别在于其 MCO 几乎呈 J 形，外部管的末端轻微扩张，内部管的末端狭窄，未被外部管覆盖。Rhamnocercus tantaleani n. sp. 的主要特征是其 MCO，呈管状且直，外部管的末端分叉（右支扩张良好，左支狭窄），内部管的末端被外部管的左支包裹。这是对秘鲁当地市场上一种鲜为人知但受欢迎的鱼类 P. lanfeari 的寄生虫的首次数据。Rhamnocercus microps n. sp. 是巴西首次描述的 Rhamnocercus 种。本研究发现使已知的 Rhamnocercus 种数量增加到 12 种。提供了 Rhamnocercus 种的关键特征。
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