Santillán Luis Angel, Cruces Celso Luis, Sáez Gloria M, Martínez-Rojas Rosa, Mondragón-Martínez Aarón, Murrieta Morey Germán Augusto, Quiñones Mauro, Luque José Luis, Chero Jhon Darly
Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados, Departamento Académico de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Av. Universitaria Cruce con Av. Venezuela Cuadra 34, Lima 15081, Peru.
Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma (URP), Av. Alfredo Benavides 5440 Santiago de Surco, Lima 15039, Peru.
Animals (Basel). 2024 May 23;14(11):1542. doi: 10.3390/ani14111542.
Monogeneans are flatworm parasites that infest fish gills primarily but can also infect various other vertebrates, including amphibians, aquatic reptiles, mammals like hippos, and occasionally invertebrates like copepods, isopods, and cephalopods. Despite their remarkable diversity, our knowledge of monogenean parasites in Peru remains significantly limited, resulting in substantial gaps in our comprehension of their taxonomic identities, host associations, and geographic distribution. To address these knowledge deficits, we present an extensively curated checklist of monogeneans associated with aquatic vertebrates in Peru. This comprehensive compilation is derived from meticulous literature surveys, the examination of specimens deposited in both international and national collections, and the inclusion of additional freshly collected specimens. The checklist offers a thorough repository of data encompassing the diversity, host associations, and geographical distribution of these parasites. Taxonomic discrepancies are addressed through a critical review of the existing literature, supplemented by the direct examination of specimens, including type or voucher specimens, deposited within scientific collections. Additionally, we provide data on the DNA sequences of individual taxa. The compiled list comprises records of 358 monogenean species, including 270 valid species and 88 taxa identified at the family or generic level, all reported across 145 host species in Peru. Predominantly, these parasitic species exhibit associations within fish, with 335 infecting teleosts and 20 affecting chondrichthyans. Three monogenean species have been documented as infecting amphibians, namely , sp. and . Among the monogeneans reported, 141 were found in marine environments and 214 in freshwater environments. The most diverse families were Dactylogyridae and Diplectanidae, comprising 217 and 24 species, respectively. The hosts that harbored the highest number of monogeneans were (with 23 species), followed by (13 spp.) and (11 spp.). We detected many species that do not have any material deposited in a scientific collection due to the loss or deactivation of the collection. These findings represent only a fraction of the potential diversity, considering the wide variety of aquatic vertebrate hosts inhabiting the tropical and subtropical regions of Peru.
单殖吸虫是扁形虫寄生虫，主要寄生于鱼类鳃部，但也可感染各种其他脊椎动物，包括两栖动物、水生爬行动物、像河马这样的哺乳动物，偶尔还可感染桡足类、等足类和头足类等无脊椎动物。尽管单殖吸虫种类繁多，但我们对秘鲁单殖吸虫寄生虫的了解仍然极为有限，这导致我们在其分类身份、宿主关联和地理分布的理解上存在重大差距。为了弥补这些知识空白，我们列出了一份精心整理的与秘鲁水生脊椎动物相关的单殖吸虫清单。这份全面的汇编源自细致的文献调查、对国际和国家收藏的标本的检查，以及纳入额外新采集的标本。该清单提供了一个全面的数据库，涵盖了这些寄生虫的多样性、宿主关联和地理分布。通过对现有文献的批判性审查，并辅以对保存在科学收藏中的标本（包括模式标本或凭证标本）的直接检查，解决了分类差异问题。此外，我们还提供了各个分类单元的DNA序列数据。汇编的清单包括358种单殖吸虫的记录，其中包括270个有效物种以及88个在科或属水平上确定的分类单元，所有这些都在秘鲁的145种宿主物种中被报道。这些寄生物种主要与鱼类有关联，其中335种感染硬骨鱼，20种感染软骨鱼。有三种单殖吸虫被记录为感染两栖动物，即 、 种和 。在所报道的单殖吸虫中，141种发现于海洋环境，214种发现于淡水环境。种类最多的科是指环虫科和双身虫科，分别有217种和24种。寄生单殖吸虫数量最多的宿主是 （有23种），其次是 （13种）和 （11种）。由于收藏的丢失或停用，我们发现许多物种没有保存在科学收藏中的任何标本。考虑到秘鲁热带和亚热带地区栖息着各种各样的水生脊椎动物宿主，这些发现仅代表了潜在多样性的一小部分。
