Department of Biology and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Podlasie, Poland.
Biebrza National Park, Osowiec-Twierdza, Goniądz, Podlasie, Poland.
PeerJ. 2022 Jun 13;10:e13362. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13362. eCollection 2022.
Plant species evolution is driven by many factors that have different roles in space and time. Using different field and laboratory methods, we studied reproductive patterns and their determinants in pure and mixed and populations in different habitats. We also considered the probability of hybridisation between these two species and the role of intra-population processes in maintaining species integrity. Generally, we found a high level of reproductive success in both Platantherans. In both species, male (MRS) and female (FRS) reproductive success depended on floral display, and male reproductive success additionally on population structure. The flower traits were only weakly related to reproductive success. Moths' assemblages varied spatially and temporally, and their diversity and numbers were correlated with MRS in the year, when their abundance was markedly lower. Analysis of patterns of pollen transfer showed that pollen was transported up to 25 m (average 8.2 ± 4.83 m) and showed gene exchange between these two species. The germination level of both species was significantly lower than seed viability, although seed germinated with higher frequency than seeds. We noted differences in viability and germination of seeds developed as an effect of experimental interspecies crossings and those developed from natural pollination. The presence of intermediate ecotypes together with observations of spontaneous interspecies crosses in the field and viability of seeds produced in interspecies crossing suggest that both pre- and postzygotic reproductive barriers are not complete and do not prevent hybrid production.
植物物种的进化是由许多因素驱动的，这些因素在空间和时间上具有不同的作用。我们使用不同的野外和实验室方法，研究了在不同生境中的纯和混合种群的繁殖模式及其决定因素。我们还考虑了这两个物种之间杂交的可能性，以及种内过程在维持物种完整性方面的作用。一般来说，我们发现这两个植物物种的繁殖成功率都很高。在这两个物种中，雄性（MRS）和雌性（FRS）的繁殖成功率取决于花的展示，而雄性的繁殖成功率还取决于种群结构。花的特征与繁殖成功率只有微弱的关系。飞蛾的集合在空间和时间上有所不同，它们的多样性和数量与当年的雄性繁殖成功率相关，当年它们的丰度明显较低。花粉转移模式的分析表明，花粉可以被运输到 25 米远的地方（平均 8.2 ± 4.83 米），并且在这两个物种之间存在基因交换。尽管种子的萌发频率高于花粉，但两种物种的萌发水平均明显低于种子活力。我们注意到，由于实验种间杂交和自然授粉产生的种子的活力和萌发率存在差异。中间生态型的存在，以及野外观察到的种间自发杂交和种间杂交产生的种子的活力表明，前合子和后合子生殖障碍并不完全，不能阻止杂种的产生。
