Edell W S
J Pers Assess. 1987 Spring;51(1):23-41. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa5101_3.
Qualitative studies have noted that individuals with "borderline" psychopathology exhibit extreme thought disorder on unstructured tests, yet manifest relatively normal performance on more structured tests of cognitive performance. The present study provides empirical support for this clinical observation. Borderline syndrome patients, defined by DSM-III criteria for borderline personality disorder and/or schizotypal personality disorder, demonstrated significantly greater thought disorder on the Rorschach, as measured by Johnston and Holzman's (1979) Thought Disorder Index (TDI), than did nonpsychiatric controls and were indistinguishable from patients with schizophrenic disorder of relatively recent onset. Borderline patients did not differ from controls on a structured test of cognitive slippage. Further examination of the role of structure in the assessment and treatment of borderline syndrome disorders seems warranted.
定性研究指出，患有“边缘性”精神病理学的个体在非结构化测试中表现出极端的思维紊乱，但在更具结构化的认知表现测试中表现相对正常。本研究为这一临床观察提供了实证支持。根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版中边缘型人格障碍和/或分裂型人格障碍的标准定义的边缘型综合征患者，通过约翰斯顿和霍尔兹曼（1979年）的思维紊乱指数（TDI）测量，在罗夏测验中表现出比非精神科对照组明显更严重的思维紊乱，并且与近期发病的精神分裂症患者没有区别。边缘型患者在认知失误的结构化测试中与对照组没有差异。进一步研究结构在边缘型综合征疾病评估和治疗中的作用似乎是有必要的。
