Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, P.O. Box 20, FI-53851, Lappeenranta, Finland.
Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, P.O. Box 20, FI-53851, Lappeenranta, Finland.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Sep 15;318:115451. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115451. Epub 2022 Jun 18.
Offshore oil production and transportation of oil by pipelines and tankers are associated with the risks of an oil spill, and accidents of various scales, from emissions of several liters to several thousand tons, occur regularly in different parts of the world. Currently, there are no automatic or automated systems for responding to such incidents, although special equipment exists that is able to collect oil from the surface of water. The oil collected by skimmers can be used for its intended purpose. The purpose of this research is to develop a novel method for estimating the number of skimmers required for automated oil recovery in the event of oil contamination in the open sea, taking into account errors in measured weather conditions and initial spill information. In this work, a program is developed to simulate the position and state of an oil slick on the water surface, based on realistic weather conditions, and the movement of a group of skimmers while performing the oil removal task. The results of the study demonstrate the robustness of the system with respect to errors in the initial data, weather condition, position and parameters of the oil spill. Two main emergencies are considered: an instantaneous release of oil from a tanker and continuous leakage from a damaged pipeline. The developed system detects and collects oil on the map in a limited time, even with a significant shift in the initial coordinates, and limits the spread of the oil slick where there is continuous leakage. In addition, the designed method has a short-term overestimation of the skimmer group size in case of time delay in the response to the spill. The developed method can be applied in real cases of oil spills to create and update the plan of movement and collection of oil for a group of skimmers.
海上石油生产和通过管道及油轮运输石油都伴随着溢油风险，世界各地经常发生各种规模的事故，从几升到几千吨不等。目前，虽然存在能够从水面收集石油的特殊设备，但针对此类事件，并没有自动或自动化的系统。撇油器可以将收集到的石油用于其预期用途。本研究的目的是开发一种新方法，以便在发生海上石油污染时，估算在自动回收石油过程中所需的撇油器数量，同时考虑到测量天气条件和初始溢油信息中的误差。在这项工作中，开发了一个程序，用于根据实际天气条件和一组撇油器在执行除油任务时的运动情况，模拟水面浮油的位置和状态。研究结果表明，该系统对初始数据、天气条件、溢油位置和参数的误差具有很强的鲁棒性。考虑了两种主要的紧急情况：油轮的瞬时溢油和受损管道的连续泄漏。开发的系统可以在有限的时间内在地图上检测和收集石油，即使初始坐标有很大的偏移，并且在连续泄漏的情况下限制浮油的扩散。此外，在应对溢油事件时存在时间延迟的情况下，设计的方法会短期高估撇油器群组的规模。该开发的方法可以应用于实际的溢油情况，以创建和更新撇油器群组的运动和收集石油计划。
