Bai Mei-Xia, Situ Gao-Ming, Li Song-Hao, Wu Qi-Feng, Liang Chen-Fei, Qin Hua, Chen Jun-Hui
College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang A＆F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Agroforestry Technology Extension Centre of Lin'an District, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2022 May;33(5):1283-1290. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202205.017.
To improve carbon (C) sequestration and soil fertility of red soil, a two-year (2017 and 2018) field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of two organic amendments (, corn straw and sheep manure) applied alone or combined with biochar on soil nutrient content, enzyme activities involved in C cycling, and microbial substrate utilization rate in infertile red soil. There were six treatments, including control (non-amendment), corn straw, sheep manure and across biochar treatments (without and with biochar amendment, respectively). The organic amendments and biochar were applied in 2017 and 2018. The results showed that, compared with the control, organic amendments significantly increased soil pH, organic C, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium contents. Compared with straw and manure alone, the biochar co-application with straw or manure significantly increased the contents of soil organic C, available potassium, and available nitrogen, without any significant interactive effects. Application of organic amendments significantly increased the activities of soil β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CB), β-xylosidase (XYL), and peroxidase (PERO). The combined application of biochar and straw significantly reduced the activity of phenol oxidase (PHOX) by 28.6% and PERO by 22.2% in comparison with straw addition alone, respectively, while the combined application of biochar and manure significantly reduced the activities of α-glucosidase (AG) by 46.1%, BG by 50.9%, XYL by 41.6%, and PERO by 31.3% compared with manure addition alone, respectively. Compared with the control, the application of organic amendments significantly enhanced soil basal respiration and microbial utilization rates of carbohydrates, whereas biochar co-application significantly decreased microbial utilization rates of carbohydrates and carboxylic acids. Microbial C source utilization rates were significantly and positively correlated with the activities of BG and PERO. Thus, biochar co-application with organic amendments can enhance nutrient content and reduce enzymatic and microbial metabolic activities, thereby may facilitate C sequestration and fertility of infertile red soil.
为提高红壤的碳固存能力和土壤肥力，开展了一项为期两年（2017年和2018年）的田间试验，以研究两种有机改良剂（玉米秸秆和羊粪）单独施用或与生物炭联合施用对贫瘠红壤土壤养分含量、碳循环相关酶活性以及微生物底物利用率的影响。试验设置了六个处理，包括对照（不改良）、玉米秸秆、羊粪以及生物炭处理组（分别为不添加生物炭和添加生物炭改良）。有机改良剂和生物炭于2017年和2018年施用。结果表明，与对照相比，有机改良剂显著提高了土壤pH值、有机碳、全氮、有效磷和钾含量。与单独施用秸秆和粪肥相比，生物炭与秸秆或粪肥联合施用显著提高了土壤有机碳、有效钾和有效氮含量，且无显著交互作用。施用有机改良剂显著提高了土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶（BG）、纤维二糖水解酶（CB）、β-木糖苷酶（XYL）和过氧化物酶（PERO）的活性。与单独添加秸秆相比，生物炭与秸秆联合施用使酚氧化酶（PHOX）活性显著降低28.6%，PERO活性显著降低22.2%；与单独添加粪肥相比，生物炭与粪肥联合施用使α-葡萄糖苷酶（AG）活性显著降低46.1%，BG活性显著降低50.9%，XYL活性显著降低41.6%，PERO活性显著降低31.3%。与对照相比，施用有机改良剂显著增强了土壤基础呼吸和微生物对碳水化合物的利用率，而生物炭联合施用显著降低了微生物对碳水化合物和羧酸的利用率。微生物碳源利用率与BG和PERO活性显著正相关。因此，生物炭与有机改良剂联合施用可提高养分含量，降低酶活性和微生物代谢活性，从而可能促进贫瘠红壤的碳固存和肥力提升。
