Goldman School of Public Policy, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
Center for Biomedical Ethics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2022 Jul;31(7):932-940. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0487. Epub 2022 Jun 22.
Burnout affects >50% of physicians, especially women This study aimed to examine how negative workplace interactions can predict burnout, and whether positive social interactions can mitigate risk. In a study of 1627 physician mothers who responded to a survey by the Physician Moms Group, an online Facebook group, we first examined the association between workplace sexual harassment and burnout. In an embedded experiment, we then measured the causal impact of priming perceived social support and connectedness on the three dimensions of employee burnout. Two-thirds of respondents reported having experienced sexual harassment in the past year. Sexual harassment by patients was associated with 0.27 points higher emotional exhaustion, one dimension of burnout (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.12-0.41), equivalent to the predicted impact of an additional 22 weekly work hours on emotional exhaustion. Sexual harassment by patients was also associated with 0.40 points higher patient depersonalization, another dimension of burnout (95% CI 0.27-0.53). Sexual harassment by colleagues was associated with 0.16 points higher emotional exhaustion (95% CI 0.02-0.30), but not other dimensions of burnout. We found no significant relationship between experiences of sexual harassment and levels of personal accomplishment (the third dimension of burnout) among this sample. Priming physician mothers to reflect on their connectedness with other physician mothers significantly increased their sense of personal accomplishment. The priming intervention did not yield a significant effect on emotional exhaustion or depersonalization. Negative and positive social interactions each affect different dimensions of burnout. Sexual harassment-a pervasive type of negative social interaction-strongly predicts emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Reflecting on social connectedness-a type of positive social interaction-can improve one's sense of personal accomplishment with an effect similar in magnitude to more intensive in-person interventions, suggesting that social connectedness through online groups merits further consideration as a tool to mitigate burnout.
超过 50%的医生受到职业倦怠的影响，尤其是女性。本研究旨在探讨负面工作场所互动如何预测职业倦怠，以及积极的社会互动是否可以降低风险。
在一项针对 1627 名医生母亲的研究中，她们对一个名为“医生妈妈组织”的在线 Facebook 群组的调查做出了回应，我们首先研究了工作场所性骚扰与职业倦怠之间的关系。在一个嵌入式实验中，我们测量了感知社会支持和联系对员工职业倦怠三个维度的因果影响。三分之二的受访者报告说，在过去一年中经历过性骚扰。患者的性骚扰与情绪耗竭（职业倦怠的一个维度）增加 0.27 分相关（95%置信区间[CI] 0.12-0.41），相当于每周增加 22 小时工作时间对情绪耗竭的预测影响。患者的性骚扰也与患者去人性化（职业倦怠的另一个维度）增加 0.40 分相关（95% CI 0.27-0.53）。同事的性骚扰与情绪耗竭增加 0.16 分相关（95% CI 0.02-0.30），但与其他职业倦怠维度无关。在这个样本中，我们没有发现性骚扰经历与个人成就感（职业倦怠的第三个维度）水平之间的显著关系。促使医生母亲思考自己与其他医生母亲的联系显著增加了她们的个人成就感。这种激发干预对情绪耗竭或去人性化没有产生显著影响。
负面和正面的社会互动都会影响职业倦怠的不同维度。性骚扰——一种普遍的负面社会互动——强烈预测情绪耗竭和去人性化。反思社会联系——一种积极的社会互动——可以提高个人的成就感，其效果与更密集的面对面干预相似，这表明通过在线群体建立社会联系值得进一步考虑作为减轻职业倦怠的一种工具。
